
Subject:
[cohp] Digest Number 5163
From:
cohp@yahoogroups.com
Date:
10/4/2015 1:34 AM
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County High Pointing in all 50 states
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County High Pointing in all 50 states Group
6 Messages
Digest #5163
1a
The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1 by highptlw
1b
Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1 by "Scott Surgent" surgent1
1c
Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1 by nj55er
1d
Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1 by "Jere Hanan" cjhanan
1e
Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1 by nj55er
1f
Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1 by "Scott Surgent" surgent1

Messages
1a
The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
Sat Oct 3, 2015 10:31 am (PDT) . Posted by:
highptlw


Please find a revised list of the Origin of State Highpoints I submitted on September 29. My thanks to the following individuals for their comments:
Bob Sumner, Boundary Peak, NV
Don Holmes, Boundary Peak, NV
Andy Martin - Magazine Mt, AR and Britton Hill, FL
David Olson Magazine Mt, AR and Timms Hill, WI
Scott Surgent - Hawkeye Point, IA, Black Mesa, OK and Boundary Peak, NV






THE ORIGIN OF STATE HIGH POINT NAMES



INTRODUCTION -



I was requested by John Mitchler to research the Indian names for State highpoints and develop a list. I agreed as I thought this would be a very interesting exercise and it has. My research found four State highpoints that still retain their Native American names and ten more State highpoints that went by a Native American names in the past. That left 36 state high points with no references to Native Americans. It became apparent to me I needed to add more to this list and I decided to broaden this list to include a general origin of State high point names. By doing so I was able to increase my list of State highpoints with named origins to 41 States.



Many state highpoints have been named after explorers, geologists, surveys and military commanders.



The recent renaming of Mt Mc Kinley to Denali by President Obama is not the first time a highpoint has been renamed and may not be the last time either. Mt Rainier, WA is being considered to being renamed its original. The present name Rainier was actually a portly British Admiral Rainier who actually fought against America during the Revolutionary War yet bears the name of Washingtons highest point!



Clingmans Dome, Tennessee was named after Senator Thomas Clingman who supported the Confederacy and who refused to resign his Senate seat; being one of ten Senators expelled from the Senate in absentia.



Mount Mitchell, North Carolina was named after Elisha Mitchell a geologist who died trying to prove that Mount Mitchell was the highest mountain in North Carolina, after slipping from a cliff near a 40 foot waterfall, hitting his head and drowned. The stories go on and on as you will read below.



Alabama - Cheaha Mountain 2,405 ft  Creek Indian word for high place is Chaha. http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565 http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565 looks like a nice place for a future HP Convention.

Alaska- Denali  The Great One 20,310 ft - The name Denali is a based on the Kyukon https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koyukon_language name of the mountain, Deenaalee translated as "the high one". The Koyukon https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koyukon are a people of Alaskan Athabaskans https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaskan_Athabaskans settling in the area north of the mountain. A gold prospector, William Dickey, named it Mount McKinley in 1896, after President William McKinley. The state of Alaska officially changed the name to Denali in 1975. On August 31, 2015, with President Barack Obama's approval, Sally Jewell, Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Interior officially renamed the mountain Denali http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/30/politics/obama-alaska-denali-climate-change/. Discovered in 1794 by British explorer George Vancouver Denali was first summited on June 7,1913 by Hudson Stuck, Walter Harper, Harry Karstens and Robert Tatum were the first to reach the south summit.

Arizona  Humphreys Peak  12,633 ft (Hopi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi_language: Aaloosaktukwi, Navajo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navajo_language: Dook?o?oos?d

In the 1500s, Spanish Conquistadors searching for gold came upon the Peaks and named them Sierra Sinagua, which means mountains without water. The name didnt really stick because the Conquistadors quickly left in search of the Grand Canyon and other gold. In 1629, some Franciscan Friars who were doing missionary work in the area named the mountain San Francisco Peak in honor of patron St. Francis of Assisi (note that this was more than 100 years before the city of San Francisco in California was founded). On many maps today, the official name is printed as San Francisco Mountain, but most people call it the Peaks or San Francisco Peaks.

G.K. Gilbert gave Humphreys Peak its moniker in 1873. He named the mountain after his superior officer, Brig. Gen. Andrew Atkinson Humphreys, who was a captain with the Ives Expedition in 1851.

Arkansas  Magazine Mountain  2,753 ft -The mountain gets its name from when French explorers were traveling through the area and a landslide occurred on the mountain. The noise from the landslide was so great that one explorer described it as the sound of an ammunition magazine exploding. The explorers then named the mountain "Magazine". Signal Hill is the highest point on Magazine Mountain

California  Mount Whitney  14,495 ft - In July 1864, the members of the California Geological Survey named the peak after Josiah Whitney https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_Whitney, the State Geologist of California https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California and benefactor of the survey. During the same expedition, geologist Clarence King https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_King attempted to climb Whitney from its west side, but stopped just short. In 1871, King returned to climb what he believed to be Whitney, but having taken a different approach, he actually summited nearby Mount Langley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Langley. Upon learning of his mistake in 1873, King finally completed his own first ascent of Whitney, but did so a month too late to claim the first recorded ascent. A month earlier on August 18, 1873, Charles Begole, A. H. Johnson, and John Lucas of nearby Lone Pine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone_Pine,_California, had become the first to reach the highest summit in the contiguous United States. As they were fishermen, they called the mountain Fisherman's Peak. But in 1891, the United States Geological Survey's Board on Geographic Names decided to recognize the earlier name of Mount Whitney. The name Whitney has remained, resisting a movement after World War II https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II to rename the mountain for Winston Churchil https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchilll.

Colorado  Mount Elbert  14,433 ft -The mountain was named in honor of Colorado statesman Samuel Hitt Elbert https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Hitt_Elbert, who was active in the formative period of the State and was Governor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Colorado#Governors_of_the_Territory_of_Colorado of the Territory of Colorado 1873-1874. Henry W. Stuckle of the Hayden Survey https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayden_Survey was the first to record an ascent of the peak in 1874. The mountainous terrain is categorized as Class 1 to 2 Level https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yosemite_Decimal_System or A+ in mountaineering parlance. Mount Elbert is referred to as the "gentle giant" that tops all others in the Rocky Mountains.

Connecticut  Mount Frissell  2,372 Ft - No information available.

Delaware  Ebright Azimuth  442 ft - "Ebright Azimuth" is not a person's first and last name. James and Grant Ebright owned the property on which the benchmark was placed.

Florida  Britton Hill -345 ft - Depending on who you believe, Britton Hill was named after the lumber mill baron who developed the area, William Henry Britton, the record setting peak is marked by a stone marker in the middle of a dilapidated rotunda. It is the only state highest point comprised of sand. Anorther version of who Britton Hill was named for is after the retired postmistress of Lakewood which is located in Paxton, Florida.

Georgia - Brasstown Bald  Enotah  4,784 ft - The mountain is known to the native Cherokee https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee people as Enotah. It is named for the former Cherokee village of Brasstown,

Hawaii - Mauna Kea  White Mountain  13, 796 ft - Mauna Kea is called the White Mountain because of the snow that covers its summit. Mauna Kea is a short version of Mauna a Wakea, a name that connects it to the sky father, Wakea.


Mauna Kea, also known by its original name Mauna a Wakea is a sacred place for Hawaiians. Wakea, sometimes translated as "Sky Father" is considered the father of the Hawaiian people.



While it is the dwelling place of the goddess Poli'ahu http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/info/vis/culture/poliahu.html it is also associated with the Hawaiian deities Lilinoe and Waiau. The summit was considered the realm of the gods and in ancient times was kapu (forbidden) to all but the highest chiefs and priests. Occasionally Hawaiian ali'i (royalty) would make the long trek to the top, the last royal visitor being Queen Emma in 1881 who led her companions on the arduous 6 hour journey to the top to see the summit and rejuvenate herself in sacred Lake Waiau.



Charles F. Goodrich an American missionary on August 26, 1823, Joseph F. Goodrich https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Missionaries_to_Hawaii, an American missionary, made the first recorded ascent in a single day; however, a small arrangement of stones he observed suggested he was not the first human on the summit.



Idaho- Borah Peak -12,662 ft - Borah Peak (also known as Mount Borah or Beauty Peak) The mountain was nameless until it was discovered to be higher than Hyndman Peak https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyndman_Peak, previously regarded as the state's highest point. In February 1934, the U.S. Geological Survey named it for William Borah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Borah, the prominent senior U.S. Senator https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate from Idaho, who had served for nearly 27 years at the time. An outspoken isolationist https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_non-interventionism, the "Lion of Idaho" ran for president two years later in 1936 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936_presidential_election#Republican_Party_nomination, but did not win the Republican nomination, and died in office in 1940.



Illinois  Charles Mound  1,235 ft - Elijah Charles, one of the region's first permanent settlers, arrived in 1828 and settled at the base of the mound and the hill assumed his name.



Indiana  Hoosier Hill  1,257 ft - The best evidence, however, suggests that "Hoosier" was a term of contempt and opprobrium common in the upland South and used to denote a rustic, a bumpkin, a countryman, a roughneck, a hick or an awkward, uncouth or unskilled fellow. Although the word's derogatory meaning has faded, it can still be heard in its original sense, albeit less frequently than its cousins "Cracker" and "Redneck."





Iowa- Hawkeye Point  1,670 ft - The Hawkeye State is a popular nickname for the state of Iowa. According to the Iowa State web site, Two Iowa promoters from Burlington are believed to have popularized the name. The nickname was given approval by territorial officials in 1838, eight years before Iowa became a state, named after Chief Blackhawk. The highpoint was not known until the 1980s - it was believed the IA highpoint was Ocheyedan Mound. At some point in the last 15 years it got the name "Hawkeye Point".



Kansas- Mountain Sunflower - 4,039 feet Mount Sunflower is the highest point in Kansas. It is located at the far west side of Kansas on the Harold Family Ranch in Wallace County.

Kentucky  Black Mountain  4,139 ft No information available. Black Mountain is tied to the coal mining of the surrounding area.

Louisiana  Driskill Mountain  535 ft - Louisianas Driskill Mountain is just a few miles southwest of Ruston. In 1859 James Christopher Driskill bought 324 Louisiana acres with this mountain thrown in, and descendants of his nine children still inhabit the area today.



Maine  Mt Katahdin  5,268 ft -Translation: The Greatest Mountain-the storm god Pamola is known to frequent its summit http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm He first recorded climb of "Catahrdin" was by Massachusetts surveyors Zackery Adley and Charles Turner, Jr. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Turner,_Jr. in August 1804. In the 1840s Henry David Thoreau https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau climbed Katahdin, which he spelled "Ktaadn"; his ascent is recorded in a well-known chapter of The Maine Woods. The mountain is commonly called just "Katahdin" including by Baxter State Park in official publications. The official name is "Mount Katahdin" as decided by the US Board on Geographic Names in 1893.



Maryland  Hoye Crest  3,360 ft - Located just inside of Maryland along Backbone Mountain is Hoye-Crest. At an elevation of 3,360 feet (1,020 m), it is the highest point in the state of Maryland https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland. The location, named for Captain Charles Hoye, founder of the Garrett County https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland Historical Society.


Massachusetts  Mt Greylock Wawanotewat  3,487 ft- Chief Graylock was a Western Abenaki https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abenaki_people warrior chieftain. In 1723 war broke out between the British and the French, Chief Graylock sided with the French and led many daring raids against the British in the Connecticut River Valley. http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html The mid-1720s conflict known as Dummer's War https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Father_Rale%27s_War (also known as Greylock's War, Three Years War, Lovewell's War, Father Rasle's War, or the 4th Indian War) was perhaps the most pitched series of battles and raids between the region's English colonists and groups of the Wabanaki Confederacy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wabanaki_Confederacy. The mountain was known to 18th century English settlers as Grand Hoosuc(k). In the early 19th century it was called Saddleback Mountain because of its appearance.

Michigan  Mount Arvon 1,979 ft - No information available. Mt Curwood was formerly thought to be the highest point of Michigan. In 1982, however, the US Department of Interior's Geological Survey team gathered new measurements and found Mount Curwood to be slightly lower in elevation than nearby Mount Arvon. Mount Curwood measured 1,978.24 feet above sea level and Mount Arvon registered at 1,979.238 feet above sea level.

Minnesota  Eagle Mountain  2,301 ft Mo information available.



Mississippi  Woodall Mountain  806 ft - Northeast Mississippi proudly features their states high point, named for Civil-War veteran and county sheriff Zephaniah Harvey Woodall, Jr. The mountain itself saw battle action as well: the Battle of Iuka was fought close by, and it is believed Union General William S. Rosecrans used the prominence as an observation post.

Missouri  Taum Sauk  1,772 ft - Indian Chief of the Piankashaws http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm Taum Sauk was an honored chieftain of the Piankashaw tribe who inhabited the area in the early nineteenth century. The mountains loveliest feature, the 132-foot Mina Sauk Falls, is named for his daughter who cast herself from this height after the execution of her forbidden Osage lover.

Montana - Granite Peak - 12,799 ft - Granite Peaks first ascent was made by Elers Koch, James C. Whitham and R.T. Ferguson on August 29, 1923 after several failed attempts by others. It was the last of the state highpoints to be climbed.

Nebraska  Panorama Point  5,426 ft - Art Henrickson and Claude Alden discovered the highest point in October 1951 using a WWI altimeter.






Nevada  Boundary Peak  13,140 ft - The peak purportedly derives its name from its proximity to the Nevada-California state line. Indeed, Boundary is inside Nevada by a mere quarter mile. The 1872 survey performed by A. W. Von Schmidt placed the mountain within California, and for a while, Wheeler Peak was Nevada's highest (which made Esmeralda County's highest point about 12,900' along the ridge just to the northeast.) But the border was later adjusted by the USGS to the west by some 1600-1800 feet, reestablishing Boundary's dominance.The oblique California-Nevada border was finally legally settled by the Untied States Supreme Court n 1980. The Von Schmidt Survey, done in 1873, is askew with the current border established by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey between 1893 and 1899. The effect of the Von Schmidt survey was to place the oblique boundary line east of Boundary Peak, thus putting Boundary Peak in California. If the border had not been changed by the USGS Survey, Wheeler Peak in Great Basin National Park on the east side of Nevada, 13,063 feet, would have the distinction of being the highest point in Nevada.

New Hampshire - Mt Washington Agiocochook  6,288 ft - Home of the Great Spirit or Mother Goddess of the Storm The first European sighting of Mount Washington was by Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano http://gonyc.about.com/od/photogalleries/ss/Empire-State-Building-103rd-Floor_10.htm (1485-1528), who first noted "high interior mountains" from the coast in 1524 as he sailed north. First ascent Darby Field accompanied by two Abenaki Indians in June 1642 http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm

New Jersey High Point  1,803 ft - The land for High Point State Park, donated by Colonel Anthony R. and Susie Dryden Kuser https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_R._Kuser of Bernardsville, New Jersey, was dedicated as a park in 1923.


New Mexico  Wheeler Peak  13,161 ft - was named after George Montague Wheeler, who led expeditions to map the vast area Already leading expeditions in the area after the Civil War, Formerly named Taos Peak, after the nearby town of Taos, New Mexico, it was renamed Wheeler Peak in 1950.



New York Mount Marcy  5,344 ft - Indian name is Tahawus which means Cloudsplitter http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm First climbed on August 5, 1837 by William Redfield named after New York Governor Marcy who narrowly missed being nominated for President in 1852 and served as Secretary of State from 1853 to 1857. Dont we know someone like that today who followed a similar career path? Hillary Clinton. From NY Senator to US Secretary of State to Presidential candidate.





North Carolina  Mount Mitchell  6,684 ft Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believed by some historians to be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. Found in Yancey County http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/629/entry, Mount Mitchell is the largest mountain in North Carolina. The tall peak is part of the 15-mile long Black Mountain Range; the range itself contains six of the ten tallest mountains in the eastern United States. At 6,684 feet, Mount. Mitchell remains the highest point in the state as well as in the eastern part of the country.


Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believed by some historians to be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. John Fraser, an English counterpart to the French botanist Michaux, explored the region during the late 1700s. Fraser fir trees, naturally found in the Black Mountains, are named for the English botanist.

Mount Mitchell is named in honor of Elisha Mitchell, a professor who taught at the University of North Carolina http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/733/entry. In the mid-1830s, Mitchell explored the Black Mountains and studied its height of through barometer readings. During this time, many scientists had assumed Grandfather was the tallest peak in North Carolina, but these claims were eventually rebutted by Mitchells study.

After Professor Mitchell revisited the region in 1838 and 1844, he determined that the highest point in eastern America was in the Black Mountains, rather than in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, as was previously believed (Powell, p. 769). Mitchell concluded that Mount Mitchell was 6,672 feet tall, only twelve feet off the true height of the mountain.

Congressman and former student of Mitchells, Thomas Clingman http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/750/entry, debated whether Mitchells calculations were correct. After Mitchell had made his calculations, Professor Mitchell and Congressman Clingman argued over the location of North Carolinas highest mountain. During the summer months of 1857, Mitchell sought to build upon his claim and he embarked on a hike on Mount Mitchell. However, his journey proved fatal when he slipped and fell from cliff near a 40-foot waterfall, hitting his head and drowning; he was sixty-three years old.

After Mitchells death his body was eventually interred at the summit of Mount Mitchell. Governor Zebulon Vance http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/557/entry became an ardent support of Mitchells evidence, and the mountain was named in his honor.

North Dakota  White Butte  3,506 ft- Name comes a chalky white color resulting from the bentonite clay found in the local rocks and soil.





Ohio  Campbell Hill  1,549 ft -To European settlers, Campbell Hill was first known as Hogue's Hill or Hoge's Hill, perhaps a misspelling of the name of the person who first deeded the land in 1830, Solomon Hoge. Solomon Lafayette Hoge was born on July 11, 1836 in nearby Pickrelltown, a short distance southeast of Bellefontaine. In 1898, the land was sold to Charles D. Campbell, in whose name Campbell Hill is now known. Campbell sold the hill and surrounding land to August Wagner, who was the original brewer of Augustiner and Gambrinus beers.

Oklahoma Black Mesa  4,973 ft It's a huge mesa that stretches across New Mexico and Colorado and appears dark from a distance.



Oregon  Mount Hood  Wy-East - 11,239 ft - The first white men discovered the mountain on October 29, 1792, when British Navy Lt. William E. Broughton and his crew (representing King George III) saw it from the Columbia River near the mouth of the Willamette River. Broughton named the peak for famed British naval officer Admiral Samuel Hood (who never saw the mountain). First climbed on August 14, 1845 by 3 members of the Barlow party - Sam Barlow, Joel Palmer and Phillip Locke.



Pennsylvania  Mount Davis Negro Mountain  3,213 ft - The high point was named for John Nelson Davis, an early settler, American Civil War https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War veteran, surveyor, and naturalist known for his studies of the mountain's flora https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora and fauna https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna. During the Civil War, Davis served in the 102nd Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry, Company E. Details behind the naming of Negro Mountain are not precisely known and a number of local stories have circulated in the past. The various stories seem to share, however, a couple of elements. One is that of a band of white soldiers or hunters skirmishing with Indians on the mountain during colonial times. The other is the presence with the whites of an African-American https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American companion  variously named "Nemisis" or "Goliath" indicating his great strength or size  who accompanied the whites and died valiantly during the fight. The most popular version of the story] takes place during the French and Indian War, in the year 1756, when frontiersman Colonel Thomas Cresap https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cresap is known to have led a force against Native Americans on the mountain. A member of his force, a black slave or a scout named "Nemisis," was killed in the battle. The mountain was accordingly named "Negro Mountain" in his honor.



Comment: Another state highpoint name steeped in controversy. AK, WA & PA.



Rhode Island - Jerimoth Hill  812 ft - is named for Jerimoth Brown, a fellow who owned the hill and much of the surrounding land in the late 1800s. According to Foster historian Viola Ulm, most people pronounce the name incorrectly. "It's Jer-eye-moth," she told a Providence Journal reporter in 2002.

South Carolina  Sassafras Mountain  3,554 ft - No information available. Probably sassafras was found abundantly in the area.

South Dakota - Harney Peak  7,242 ft - "Hinhan KagaPaha" making of owls, the mountain of the sacred owl or the sacred scary owl of the mountain  called by the Lakota people. It is the sacred site where Black Elk received his Great Vision and thus, the Black Elk Wilderness, which borders the peak, is named after this revered religious leader of the Oglala Lakota.

Harney Peak was named for General William S. Harney, a military officer who served in the U.S. Army from 1818 to 1863. Harney fought pirates in the Caribbean, served in the Seminole http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswars1800s/p/Second-Seminole-War-1835-1842.htm and Black Hawk Wars, and commanded the 2nd Dragoons in the Mexican-American War http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/Mexican-AmericanWar/a/The-Mexican-American-War.htm in the late 1840s. General Harney entered the history of the Black Hills in 1855 when he led troops against the Sioux at the Battle of Ash Hollow, one of the first battles of a 20-year war waged against the Plains Indians. After the battle the Sioux nicknamed him "Woman Killer" because women and children were killed. It's ironic that his name is now attached to one of the sacred mountains of the Sioux.



Although many Native Americans, including Black Elk http://www.netplaces.com/philosophy-book/the-forgotten-philosophers/the-medicine-wheel.htm, climbed Harney Peak, its first recorded ascent was by Dr. Valentine McGillycuddy on July 24, 1875. McGillycuddy (1849-1939) was a surveyor with the Newton-Jenney Party, which was looking for gold in the Black Hills, and later was an Army surgeon, who tended Crazy Horse http://archaeology.about.com/cs/military/bb/littlebighorn.htm at his death. He was later mayor of Rapid City and the first Surgeon General of South Dakota. After his death at age 90 in California, McGillycuddy's ashes were interred atop his below Harney Peak. A plaque reading "Valentine McGillycuddy, Wasitu Wacan" marks the spot. Wasitu Wacan means "Holy White Man" in Lakota.

Tennessee  Clingmans Dome - Kuwahi  6,643 ft -The Cherokee know the mountain as Kuwahi or Mulberry Place and consider it a sacred place. According to legend, medicine people would come to the mountain to fast and pray, seeking guidance from the Creator, then they would return to the people of Kituhwa with the guidance and instructions. Clingmans Dome name after Thomas Lanier Clingman (July 27, 1812  November 3, 1897), known as the "Prince of Politicians," was a Democratic https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Democratic_Party member of the United States House of Representatives from 1843 to 1845 and from 1847 to 1858, and U.S. senator https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate from the state of North Carolina https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina between 1858 and 1861. During the Civil War https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War he refused to resign his Senate seat and was one of ten senators expelled https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expulsion_from_the_United_States_Congress from the Senate in absentia. He then served as a general in the Confederate States Army.

Texas  Guadelupe Peak - 8,749 ft - Guadalupe is a Spanish place name, the site of a famous convent, which means "river of the wolf" in Arabic. In the 16th century Our Lady of Guadalupe supposedly appeared in a vision to a native Mexican man, and she is now regarded as a patron saint of the Americas.

Utah  Kings Peak  13,528 ft - The peak was named for Clarence King https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_King, a surveyor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveying in the area and the first director of the United States Geological Survey. Kings Peak is generally regarded as the hardest state highpoint which can be climbed without specialist rock climbing skills and/or guiding.



Vermont Mount Mansfield  Mozodepowadso- 4,393 ft - Abenaki word means mountain with a head like a moose. http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973 http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973 The name Mansfield was suggested in 1777 by Dr. Thomas Young https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Young_%28American_revolutionary%29, an American revolutionary and Boston Tea Party https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party participant. French explorer, Samuel Champlain discovered Mt Mansfield in 1607. https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false

Virginia  Mount Rogers  5,729 ft -The mountain is named for William Barton Rogers, a Virginian educated at the College of William & Mary, who taught at William & Mary and the University of Virginia, became Virginia's first State Geologist, and went on to found the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.







Washington  Mount Rainier T-Swaq 14,411 ft - the sky wiper, it touches the sky - or Tahoma is "that frozen water http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/1/water". From the Puyallup Tribe http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/1/tribe.


Mount Rainier was once known by its many native names. Now, an alliance of tribal members is moving forward with a proposal to restore an original name to this Northwest landmark. But a long bureaucratic process lies ahead. British explorers named Mount Rainier for a Navy captain who fought to put down the American Revolution. During the American Revolutionary War, Rainier was severely wounded on 8 July 1778, while capturing a large American privateer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privateer. He was promoted in rank and went on to become Captain of the 32-gun frigate HMS Astraea https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Astraea_%281781%29. He commanded her on the Jamaica Station from 1786 to 1790.

In 1790, he became the commander of HMS Monarch https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Monarch_%281765%29. On 8 May 1792, George Vancouver https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Vancouver named Mount Rainier https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rainier in modern-day Washington https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_%28U.S._state%29 after Captain Rainier:

"The weather was serene and pleasant, and the country continued to exhibit between us and the eastern snowy range the same luxuriant appearance. At is northern extremity, Mount Baker bore by compass N. 22E.; the round snowy mountain, now forming its southern extremity, and which, after my friend, Rear Admiral Rainier, I distinguish by the name of Mount Rainier, bore https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior





Puyallup tribal member Robert Satiacum says what he's proposing is not a name change so much as a restoration. "When they showed up here it got changed. They changed it. That's part of the process I think when you conquer," Satiacum says.

The question then becomes which original name to use.

"Tahoma, Tacobeh, Pooskaus, Tacoma ... There are all these different names," he says.

Tahoma  the mountain that was God

Satiacum says members of his group pondered and prayed before choosing Ti'Swaq&#39;.

"And what that means is the sky, the sky wiper. It touches the sky," Satiacum says.

Satiacum's Alliance to Restore Native Names is first seeking the support of the National Park Service. A Mount Rainier spokesman says the agency doesn't currently have a position and may not take one.

Then it's on to the Washington and U.S. Boards of Geographic Names, a process that could take years. Those panels typically demand evidence of broad local support for any name change.

Native names for other Northwest peaks:

Mt. Adams = Pah Do Mt. Baker = Kulshan Mt. Hood = Wy'East Mt. St. Helens = Suek


West Virginia  Spruce Knob  4,861 ft - No information available. Probably named for the spruce trees found near its summit.



Wisconsin  Timms Hill  1,951 ft - Town closest to Timms Hull is called Ogema, derived from the Anishinaabemowin word ogimaa meaning "chief. Origin of state's name: Based on an Indian word "Ouisconsin&quot; believed to mean "grassy place. Timms Hill was likely to be the name of a local landowner.

Wyoming- Gannett Peak  13,804 ft - Named for Henry Gannett geographer, mapmaker and astronomer. On June 7, 1922, the U. S. Geographic Board officially confirmed that the mountain, the highest point in Wyoming, would henceforth be named for the father of American map-makingHenry Gannett. Gannett Peak is the highest peak in the Wind River Range and the ... The first ascent was made in 1922 by Arthur Tate and Floyd Stahlnaker.

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1b
Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
Sat Oct 3, 2015 10:48 am (PDT) . Posted by:
"Scott Surgent" surgent1
For Kansas and Nebraska, those highpoints would not have been known until
modern surveying could "discover"; these points. Thus, there would not
likely be any historical names or significance to those points. Since the
sunflower is the state flower in Kansas, it seemed to be an easy,
uncreative name for the highpoint. The Harold family, who own the land and
the HP, might know how the name came about - they very well may have named
it.

>
>
>

-- 
Scott Surgent
Principal Lecturer & Associate Director, First Year Mathematics
Arizona State University, Tempe
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Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
Sat Oct 3, 2015 10:58 am (PDT) . Posted by:
nj55er
The originator of this post apparently is not a fan of Hillary Rodham Clinton, and the thinly veiled dig at her in the info about Mt. Marcy is inappropriate and irrelevant. It needs to be deleted.

Mike S.

-----Original Message-----
From: highpt43@optimum.net [cohp] <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
To: cohp <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Sat, Oct 3, 2015 10:31 am
Subject: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1

Please find a revised list of the Origin of State Highpoints I submitted on September 29. My thanks to the following individuals for their comments:
Bob Sumner, Boundary Peak, NV
Don Holmes, Boundary Peak, NV
Andy Martin - Magazine Mt, AR and Britton Hill, FL
David Olson Magazine Mt, AR and Timms Hill, WI
Scott Surgent - Hawkeye Point, IA, Black Mesa, OK and Boundary Peak, NV

THEORIGIN OF STATE HIGH POINT NAMES

INTRODUCTION -

Iwas requested by John Mitchler to research the Indian names for State highpointsand develop a list. I agreed as Ithought this would be a very interesting exercise and it has. My research foundfour State highpoints that still retain their Native American names and tenmore State highpoints that went by a Native American names in the past. Thatleft 36 state high points with no references to Native Americans. It becameapparent to me I needed to add more to this list and I decided to broaden thislist to include a general origin of State high point names. By doing so I wasable to increase my list of State highpoints with named origins to 41 States.

Manystate highpoints have been named after explorers, geologists, surveys andmilitary commanders.

Therecent renaming of Mt Mc Kinley to Denali by President Obama is not the firsttime a highpoint has been renamed and may not be the last time either. MtRainier, WA is being considered to being renamed its original. The present nameRainier was actually a portly British Admiral Rainier who actually foughtagainst America during the Revolutionary War yet bears the name of Washingtonshighest point!

ClingmansDome, Tennessee was named after Senator Thomas Clingman who supported theConfederacy and who refused to resign his Senate seat; being one of tenSenators expelled from the Senate in absentia.

MountMitchell, North Carolina was named after Elisha Mitchell a geologist who diedtrying to prove that Mount Mitchell was the highest mountain in North Carolina,after slipping from a cliff near a 40 foot waterfall, hitting his head anddrowned. The stories go on and on as you will read below.

Alabama - Cheaha Mountain 2,405ft  Creek Indian word for high place is Chaha. http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565 looks like a nice place for afuture HP Convention.

Alaska- Denali  TheGreat One 20,310 ft - The name Denaliis a based on the Kyukonname of the mountain, Deenaalee translated as "the high one".The Koyukon are a people of Alaskan Athabaskans settling in the area north of themountain. A gold prospector, William Dickey, named it Mount McKinley in 1896,after President William McKinley. The state of Alaska officially changed thename to Denali in 1975. On August 31, 2015, with President Barack Obama'sapproval, Sally Jewell, Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Interior officiallyrenamed the mountain Denali. Discoveredin 1794 by British explorer George Vancouver Denaliwas first summited on June7,1913 by Hudson Stuck, Walter Harper, Harry Karstens andRobert Tatum were the first to reach the south summit.


Arizona  Humphreys Peak  12,633ft (Hopi: Aaloosaktukwi, Navajo: Dook?o?oos?d

In the1500s, Spanish Conquistadors searching for gold came upon the Peaks and namedthem Sierra Sinagua, which means mountains without water. Thename didnt really stick because the Conquistadors quickly left in search ofthe Grand Canyon and other gold. In 1629, some Franciscan Friars who weredoing missionary work in the area named the mountain San Francisco Peak inhonor of patron St. Francis of Assisi (note that this was more than 100 yearsbefore the city of San Francisco in California was founded). On many mapstoday, the official name is printed as San Francisco Mountain, but mostpeople call it the Peaks or San Francisco Peaks.

G.K. Gilbert gave Humphreys Peak itsmoniker in 1873. He named the mountain after his superior officer, Brig. Gen.Andrew Atkinson Humphreys, who was a captain with the Ives Expedition in 1851.

Arkansas  MagazineMountain 2,753 ft -The mountain gets its name from when French explorerswere traveling through the area and a landslide occurred on the mountain. Thenoise from the landslide was so great that one explorer described it as thesound of an ammunition magazine exploding. The explorers then named themountain "Magazine". Signal Hill is the highest point on MagazineMountain

California  Mount Whitney  14,495ft - In July 1864, the members of the CaliforniaGeological Survey namedthe peak after Josiah Whitney, the State Geologist of Californiaand benefactor of the survey. During the same expedition, geologist Clarence Kingattempted to climb Whitney from its west side, but stopped just short. In 1871,King returned to climb what he believed to be Whitney, but having taken adifferent approach, he actually summited nearby Mount Langley.Upon learning of his mistake in 1873, King finally completed his own firstascent of Whitney, but did so a month too late to claim the first recordedascent. A month earlier on August 18, 1873, Charles Begole, A. H. Johnson, andJohn Lucas of nearby Lone Pine, had become the first to reach thehighest summit in the contiguous United States. As they were fishermen, theycalled the mountain Fisherman's Peak. But in 1891, the United StatesGeological Survey'sBoard on Geographic Names decided to recognize the earlier name of MountWhitney. The name Whitney has remained, resisting a movement after World War IIto rename the mountain for Winston Churchill.


Colorado  Mount Elbert  14,433ft -The mountain was named in honorof Colorado statesman Samuel Hitt Elbert, who was active in the formative periodof the State and was Governor of the Territory ofColorado 1873-1874.Henry W. Stuckle of the Hayden Surveywas the first to record an ascent of the peak in 1874. The mountainous terrainis categorized as Class 1 to 2 Level or A+ in mountaineering parlance. MountElbert is referred to as the "gentle giant" that tops all others inthe Rocky Mountains.


Connecticut  Mount Frissell  2,372Ft - No information available.


Delaware  Ebright Azimuth  442ft - "Ebright Azimuth" is not a person's first and last name.James and Grant Ebright owned the property on which the benchmark was placed.


Florida  Britton Hill -345ft - Depending on who you believe,Britton Hill was named after the lumber mill baron who developed the area,William Henry Britton, the record setting peak is marked by a stone marker inthe middle of a dilapidated rotunda. Itis the only state highest point comprised of sand. Anorther version of whoBritton Hill was named for is after the retired postmistress of Lakewood whichis located in Paxton, Florida.


Georgia - Brasstown Bald  Enotah  4,784 ft - The mountain is known to the native Cherokeepeople as Enotah. It is namedfor the former Cherokee village of Brasstown,


Hawaii - Mauna Kea  White Mountain  13,796 ft - Mauna Kea is called the White Mountain because of the snow thatcovers its summit. Mauna Kea is a short version of Mauna a Wakea, a name thatconnects it to the sky father, Wakea.


MaunaKea, also known by its original name Maunaa Wakea is a sacred place for Hawaiians. Wakea, sometimestranslated as "Sky Father" is considered the father of the Hawaiianpeople.

Whileit is the dwelling place of the goddess Poli'ahuit is also associated with the Hawaiian deities Lilinoe and Waiau.The summit was considered the realm of the gods and in ancienttimes was kapu (forbidden)to all but the highest chiefs and priests. Occasionally Hawaiian ali'i(royalty) would make the long trek to the top, the last royal visitor beingQueen Emma in 1881 who led her companions on the arduous 6 hour journey to thetop to see the summit and rejuvenate herself in sacred Lake Waiau.

CharlesF. Goodrich an American missionary on August 26, 1823, Joseph F. Goodrich, an American missionary, made the firstrecorded ascent in a single day; however, a small arrangement of stones heobserved suggested he was not the first human on the summit.

Idaho- Borah Peak -12,662ft - Borah Peak (also knownas Mount Borah or Beauty Peak) The mountainwas nameless until it was discovered to be higher than Hyndman Peak,previously regarded as the state's highest point. In February 1934, the U.S. GeologicalSurvey named it for William Borah,the prominent senior U.S. Senator from Idaho, who had served for nearly27 years at the time. An outspoken isolationist, the "Lion of Idaho" ran forpresident two years later in 1936, but did not win the Republicannomination, and died inoffice in 1940.

Illinois  Charles Mound  1,235ft - Elijah Charles, one of the region's first permanent settlers, arrivedin 1828 and settled at the base of the mound and the hill assumed his name.

Indiana Hoosier Hill  1,257 ft - The best evidence, however, suggeststhat "Hoosier" was a term of contempt and opprobrium common in theupland South and used to denote a rustic, a bumpkin, a countryman, a roughneck,a hick or an awkward, uncouth or unskilled fellow. Although the word's derogatorymeaning has faded, it can still be heard in its original sense, albeit lessfrequently than its cousins "Cracker" and "Redneck."

Iowa- Hawkeye Point  1,670ft - The Hawkeye State is a popular nickname for the state of Iowa.According to the Iowa State web site, Two Iowa promoters from Burlington arebelieved to have popularized the name. The nickname was given approval byterritorial officials in 1838, eight years before Iowa became a state, namedafter Chief Blackhawk. The highpoint was notknown until the 1980s - it was believed the IA highpoint was Ocheyedan Mound.At some point in the last 15 years it got the name "Hawkeye Point".

Kansas- Mountain Sunflower - 4,039 feet Mount Sunflower is the highest pointin Kansas. It is located at the far west side of Kansas on the Harold FamilyRanch in Wallace County.

Kentucky Black Mountain  4,139 ft No information available. Black Mountain is tied to the coal mining of thesurrounding area.

Louisiana  Driskill Mountain  535ft - Louisianas Driskill Mountain is just a few miles southwest of Ruston.In 1859 James Christopher Driskill bought 324 Louisiana acres with thismountain thrown in, and descendants of his nine children still inhabit the areatoday.

Maine  Mt Katahdin  5,268ft -Translation: The Greatest Mountain-the storm god Pamola is known tofrequent its summit http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm He first recorded climb of"Catahrdin" was by Massachusetts surveyors Zackery Adley and Charles Turner, Jr. in August 1804. In the 1840s Henry David Thoreau climbed Katahdin, which he spelled"Ktaadn"; his ascent is recorded in a well-known chapter of TheMaine Woods. The mountainis commonly called just "Katahdin" including by Baxter State Park inofficial publications. The official name is "Mount Katahdin" asdecided by the US Board on Geographic Names in 1893.

Maryland  Hoye Crest  3,360ft - Located just inside of Maryland along Backbone Mountain is Hoye-Crest. At an elevation of 3,360feet (1,020 m), it is the highest point in the state of Maryland.The location, named for Captain Charles Hoye, founder of the Garrett County Historical Society.


Massachusetts  Mt Greylock Wawanotewat 3,487 ft- Chief Graylock was aWestern Abenaki warrior chieftain. In 1723 war brokeout between the British and the French, Chief Graylock sided with the Frenchand led many daring raids against the British in the Connecticut River Valley. http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html The mid-1720s conflict known as Dummer's War (also known as Greylock's War, ThreeYears War, Lovewell's War,Father Rasle's War, or the 4th Indian War) was perhaps the mostpitched series of battles and raids between the region's English colonists andgroups of the Wabanaki Confederacy. The mountain was known to 18thcentury English settlers as Grand Hoosuc(k). In the early 19th centuryit was called Saddleback Mountain because of its appearance.


Michigan  MountArvon 1,979 ft - No information available. Mt Curwood wasformerly thought to be the highest point of Michigan. In 1982, however, the US Department ofInterior's Geological Survey team gathered new measurements and found MountCurwood to be slightly lower in elevation than nearby Mount Arvon. MountCurwood measured 1,978.24 feet above sea level and Mount Arvon registered at1,979.238 feet above sea level.


Minnesota  EagleMountain  2,301 ft Moinformation available.

Mississippi  Woodall Mountain  806ft - Northeast Mississippi proudly features their states high point, namedfor Civil-War veteran and county sheriff Zephaniah Harvey Woodall, Jr. Themountain itself saw battle action as well: the Battle of Iuka was fought closeby, and it is believed Union General William S. Rosecrans used the prominenceas an observation post.


Missouri  Taum Sauk  1,772ft - Indian Chief of the Piankashaws http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm Taum Sauk was an honored chieftain ofthe Piankashaw tribe who inhabited the area in the early nineteenth century.The mountains loveliest feature, the 132-foot Mina Sauk Falls, is named forhis daughter who cast herself from this height after the execution of herforbidden Osage lover.


Montana - Granite Peak - 12,799 ft - Granite Peaks first ascent was made by Elers Koch,James C. Whitham and R.T. Ferguson on August 29, 1923 after several failedattempts by others. It was the last of the state highpoints to be climbed.


Nebraska  Panorama Point  5,426ft - Art Henrickson and Claude Alden discovered the highest point inOctober 1951 using a WWI altimeter.


Nevada  Boundary Peak  13,140ft - The peak purportedly derives its name from its proximity to theNevada-California state line. Indeed, Boundary is inside Nevada by a merequarter mile. The 1872 survey performed by A. W. Von Schmidt placed themountain within California, and for a while, Wheeler Peak was Nevada's highest(which made Esmeralda County's highest point about 12,900' along the ridge justto the northeast.) But the border was later adjusted by the USGS to the west bysome 1600-1800 feet, reestablishing Boundary's dominance.The oblique California-Nevada border was finally legally settledby the Untied States Supreme Court n 1980. The Von Schmidt Survey, done in1873, is askew with the current border established by the United States Coastand Geodetic Survey between 1893 and 1899. The effect of the Von Schmidt surveywas to place the oblique boundary line east of Boundary Peak, thus puttingBoundary Peak in California. If the border had not been changed by the USGSSurvey, Wheeler Peak in Great Basin National Park on the east side of Nevada,13,063 feet, would have the distinction of being the highest point in Nevada.


New Hampshire - Mt WashingtonAgiocochook  6,288 ft - Home of the Great Spiritor Mother Goddess of the Storm The first European sighting of MountWashington was by Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano(1485-1528), who first noted "high interior mountains" from the coastin 1524 as he sailed north. First ascent Darby Field accompanied by two AbenakiIndians in June 1642 http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm


New Jersey High Point  1,803ft - The land for High Point State Park, donated by Colonel Anthony R. and Susie Dryden Kuser of Bernardsville, NewJersey, was dedicatedas a park in 1923.



New Mexico  Wheeler Peak  13,161ft - was named after George Montague Wheeler, who led expeditions to mapthe vast area Already leading expeditions in the areaafter the Civil War, Formerly named Taos Peak, after the nearbytown of Taos, New Mexico, it was renamed Wheeler Peak in 1950.

New York Mount Marcy  5,344 ft - Indian name is Tahawus which means Cloudsplitter http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm First climbed on August 5, 1837 byWilliam Redfield named after New York Governor Marcy who narrowly missed beingnominated for President in 1852 and served as Secretary of State from 1853 to1857. Dont we know someone like that today who followed a similar career path?Hillary Clinton. From NY Senator to US Secretary of State to Presidentialcandidate.





North Carolina  MountMitchell  6,684 ft Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believedby some historians to be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789.Found in Yancey County,Mount Mitchell is the largest mountain in North Carolina. The tall peak is partof the 15-mile long Black Mountain Range; the range itself contains six of theten tallest mountains in the eastern United States. At 6,684 feet, Mount.Mitchell remains the highest point in the state as well as in the eastern partof the country.

Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believed by some historiansto be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. John Fraser, an Englishcounterpart to the French botanist Michaux, explored the region during the late1700s. Fraser fir trees, naturally found in the Black Mountains, are named forthe English botanist.

Mount Mitchell is named in honor of Elisha Mitchell, a professor who taught atthe University of North Carolina. In the mid-1830s, Mitchell exploredthe Black Mountains and studied its height of through barometer readings.During this time, many scientists had assumed Grandfather was the tallest peakin North Carolina, but these claims were eventually rebutted by Mitchellsstudy.

After Professor Mitchell revisited the region in 1838 and 1844, he determinedthat the highest point in eastern America was in the Black Mountains, ratherthan in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, as was previously believed(Powell, p. 769). Mitchell concluded that Mount Mitchell was 6,672 feet tall,only twelve feet off the true height of the mountain.

Congressman and former student of Mitchells, Thomas Clingman,debated whether Mitchells calculations were correct. After Mitchell had madehis calculations, Professor Mitchell and Congressman Clingman argued over thelocation of North Carolinas highest mountain. During the summer months of1857, Mitchell sought to build upon his claim and he embarked on a hike onMount Mitchell. However, his journey proved fatal when he slipped and fellfrom cliff near a 40-foot waterfall, hitting his head and drowning; he wassixty-three years old.

After Mitchells death his body was eventually interred at the summit of MountMitchell. Governor Zebulon Vance became an ardent support of Mitchells evidence, and themountain was named in his honor.

North Dakota  White Butte  3,506ft- Name comes a chalky white color resulting from the bentonite clay foundin the local rocks and soil.

Ohio  Campbell Hill  1,549ft -To European settlers, Campbell Hill was first known as Hogue's Hill orHoge's Hill, perhaps a misspelling of the name of the person who first deededthe land in 1830, Solomon Hoge. Solomon Lafayette Hoge was born on July 11,1836 in nearby Pickrelltown, a short distance southeast of Bellefontaine. In1898, the land was sold to Charles D. Campbell, in whose name Campbell Hill isnow known. Campbell sold the hill and surrounding land to August Wagner, whowas the original brewer of Augustiner and Gambrinus beers.

Oklahoma Black Mesa  4,973ft It's a huge mesa that stretches across NewMexico and Colorado and appears dark from a distance.

Oregon  Mount Hood  Wy-East - 11,239 ft- The first white men discovered the mountain on October 29, 1792, whenBritish Navy Lt. William E. Broughton and his crew (representing King GeorgeIII) saw it from the Columbia River near the mouth of the WillametteRiver. Broughton named the peak for famed British naval officer AdmiralSamuel Hood (who never saw the mountain). First climbed on August14, 1845 by 3 members of the Barlow party - Sam Barlow, Joel Palmer andPhillip Locke.

Pennsylvania  Mount Davis NegroMountain  3,213 ft - The high point was named forJohn Nelson Davis, an early settler, American Civil War veteran, surveyor, and naturalist knownfor his studies of the mountain's flora and fauna. During the Civil War, Davis served inthe 102nd Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry, Company E. Details behind the namingof Negro Mountain are not precisely known and a number of local stories havecirculated in the past. The various stories seem to share, however, a couple ofelements. One is that of a band of white soldiers or hunters skirmishing withIndians on the mountain during colonial times. The other is the presence withthe whites of an African-American companion  variously named"Nemisis" or "Goliath" indicating his great strength orsize  who accompanied the whites and died valiantly during the fight. The mostpopular version of the story] takes place during the French and IndianWar, in the year 1756,when frontiersman Colonel Thomas Cresapis known to have led a force against Native Americans on the mountain. A memberof his force, a black slave or a scout named "Nemisis," was killed inthe battle. The mountain was accordingly named "Negro Mountain" inhis honor.

Comment:Another state highpoint name steeped in controversy. AK, WA & PA.

Rhode Island - Jerimoth Hill  812 ft - isnamed for Jerimoth Brown, a fellow who owned the hill and much of thesurrounding land in the late 1800s. According to Foster historian Viola Ulm,most people pronounce the name incorrectly. "It's Jer-eye-moth," shetold a Providence Journalreporter in 2002.


South Carolina  SassafrasMountain  3,554 ft - Noinformation available. Probably sassafras was found abundantly in the area.


South Dakota - Harney Peak 7,242 ft - "Hinhan KagaPaha" making of owls, the mountain of the sacred owl or the sacredscary owl of the mountain  called by the Lakotapeople. It is the sacred site where Black Elk received his Great Vision andthus, the Black Elk Wilderness, which borders the peak, is named after thisrevered religious leader of the Oglala Lakota.

HarneyPeak was named for General William S. Harney, a military officer who served inthe U.S. Army from 1818 to 1863. Harney fought pirates in the Caribbean, servedin the Seminoleand Black Hawk Wars, and commanded the 2nd Dragoons in the Mexican-American War in the late 1840s. General Harney entered thehistory of the Black Hills in 1855 when he led troops against the Sioux at theBattle of Ash Hollow, one of the first battles of a 20-year war waged againstthe Plains Indians. After the battle the Sioux nicknamed him "WomanKiller" because women and children were killed. It's ironic that his nameis now attached to one of the sacred mountains of the Sioux.

Althoughmany Native Americans, including Black Elk,climbed Harney Peak, its first recorded ascent was by Dr. ValentineMcGillycuddy on July 24, 1875. McGillycuddy (1849-1939) was a surveyor with theNewton-Jenney Party, which was looking for gold in the Black Hills, and laterwas an Army surgeon, who tended Crazy Horseat his death. He was later mayor of Rapid City and the first Surgeon General ofSouth Dakota. After his death at age 90 in California, McGillycuddy's asheswere interred atop his below Harney Peak. A plaque reading "ValentineMcGillycuddy, Wasitu Wacan" marks the spot. Wasitu Wacan means"Holy White Man" in Lakota.

Tennessee  Clingmans Dome - Kuwahi  6,643ft -The Cherokee know the mountain as Kuwahi or Mulberry Place and considerit a sacred place. According to legend, medicine people would come to themountain to fast and pray, seeking guidance from the Creator, then they wouldreturn to the people of Kituhwa with the guidance and instructions. Clingmans Dome name after Thomas LanierClingman (July 27, 1812  November 3, 1897), known as the"Prince of Politicians," was a Democratic member of the United States Houseof Representatives from1843 to 1845 and from 1847 to 1858, and U.S. senator from the state of North Carolinabetween 1858 and 1861. During the Civil War he refused to resign his Senate seatand was one of ten senators expelled from the Senate in absentia. He thenserved as a general in the Confederate StatesArmy.

Texas  Guadelupe Peak - 8,749 ft - Guadalupeis a Spanish place name, the site of a famous convent, which means "river of the wolf" inArabic. In the 16th century Our Lady of Guadalupesupposedly appeared in a vision to a native Mexican man, and she is nowregarded as a patron saint of the Americas.

Utah  Kings Peak  13,528 ft - Thepeak was named for Clarence King, a surveyorin the area and the first director of the United StatesGeological Survey. KingsPeak is generally regarded as the hardest state highpoint which can be climbedwithout specialist rock climbing skills and/or guiding.

Vermont Mount Mansfield  Mozodepowadso- 4,393 ft - Abenaki word means mountain with a head like a moose. http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973 The name Mansfield was suggested in 1777by Dr. Thomas Young, an American revolutionary and Boston Tea Partyparticipant. French explorer, Samuel Champlain discovered Mt Mansfield in 1607.https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false


Virginia Mount Rogers  5,729 ft -The mountain is namedfor William Barton Rogers, a Virginian educated at the College ofWilliam & Mary, who taught at William & Mary and the University ofVirginia, became Virginia's first State Geologist, and went on to foundthe Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Washington Mount Rainier T-Swaq 14,411 ft - the skywiper, it touches the sky - or Tahoma is "that frozen water".From the Puyallup Tribe.


MountRainier was once known by its many native names. Now, an alliance of tribalmembers is moving forward with a proposal to restore an original name to thisNorthwest landmark. But a long bureaucratic process lies ahead. Britishexplorers named Mount Rainier for a Navy captain who fought to put down theAmerican Revolution. During the AmericanRevolutionary War,Rainier was severely wounded on 8 July 1778, while capturing a large American privateer.He was promoted in rank and went on to become Captain of the 32-gun frigate HMS Astraea. He commanded her on the JamaicaStation from 1786 to 1790.

In 1790, hebecame the commander of HMS Monarch. On 8 May 1792, George Vancouvernamed Mount Rainier in modern-day Washington after Captain Rainier:

"Theweather was serene and pleasant, and the country continued to exhibit betweenus and the eastern snowy range the same luxuriant appearance. At is northernextremity, Mount Baker bore by compass N. 22E.; the round snowy mountain, nowforming its southern extremity, and which, after my friend, Rear AdmiralRainier, I distinguish by the name of Mount Rainier, bore https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior

Puyalluptribal member Robert Satiacum says what he's proposing is not a name change somuch as a restoration. "When they showed up here it got changed. Theychanged it. That's part of the process I think when you conquer," Satiacumsays.

The questionthen becomes which original name to use.

"Tahoma,Tacobeh, Pooskaus, Tacoma ... There are all these different names," hesays.

Tahoma  themountain that was God

Satiacum saysmembers of his group pondered and prayed before choosing Ti'Swaq&#39;.

"And whatthat means is the sky, the sky wiper. It touches the sky," Satiacum says.

Satiacum'sAlliance to Restore Native Names is first seeking the support of the NationalPark Service. A Mount Rainier spokesman says the agency doesn't currently havea position and may not take one.

Then it's on tothe Washington and U.S. Boards of Geographic Names, a process that could takeyears. Those panels typically demand evidence of broad local support for anyname change.

Native names forother Northwest peaks:

Mt. Adams = Pah Do

Mt. Baker = Kulshan

Mt. Hood = Wy'East

Mt. St. Helens = Suek


West Virginia  Spruce Knob  4,861ft - No information available. Probably named for the spruce trees foundnear its summit.

Wisconsin  Timms Hill  1,951ft - Town closest to Timms Hull is called Ogema, derived from theAnishinaabemowin word ogimaa meaning "chief. Origin of state's name: Basedon an Indian word "Ouisconsin&quot; believed to mean "grassy place. TimmsHill was likely to be the name of a local landowner.

Wyoming- Gannett Peak  13,804 ft - Named for HenryGannett geographer,mapmaker and astronomer. On June 7, 1922, the U. S. Geographic Board officiallyconfirmed that the mountain, the highest point in Wyoming, would henceforth benamed for the father of American map-makingHenry Gannett. Gannett Peak is the highest peak in the Wind River Range and the ... The first ascent was made in 1922 by Arthur Tate and Floyd Stahlnaker.

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1d
Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
Sat Oct 3, 2015 5:26 pm (PDT) . Posted by:
"Jere Hanan" cjhanan
Are all lefties this sensitive?

_____

From: cohp@yahoogroups.com [mailto:cohp@yahoogroups.com]
Sent: Saturday, October 03, 2015 11:58 AM
To: cohp@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1

The originator of this post apparently is not a fan of Hillary Rodham Clinton, and the thinly veiled dig at her in the info about Mt. Marcy is inappropriate and irrelevant. It needs to be deleted.

Mike S.

-----Original Message-----
From: highpt43@optimum.net [cohp] <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
To: cohp <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Sat, Oct 3, 2015 10:31 am
Subject: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1

Please find a revised list of the Origin of State Highpoints I submitted on September 29. My thanks to the following individuals for their comments:
Bob Sumner, Boundary Peak, NV
Don Holmes, Boundary Peak, NV
Andy Martin - Magazine Mt, AR and Britton Hill, FL
David Olson Magazine Mt, AR and Timms Hill, WI
Scott Surgent - Hawkeye Point, IA, Black Mesa, OK and Boundary Peak, NV

THE ORIGIN OF STATE HIGH POINT NAMES

INTRODUCTION -

I was requested by John Mitchler to research the Indian names for State highpoints and develop a list. I agreed as I thought this would be a very interesting exercise and it has. My research found four State highpoints that still retain their Native American names and ten more State highpoints that went by a Native American names in the past. That left 36 state high points with no references to Native Americans. It became apparent to me I needed to add more to this list and I decided to broaden this list to include a general origin of State high point names. By doing so I was able to increase my list of State highpoints with named origins to 41 States.

Many state highpoints have been named after explorers, geologists, surveys and military commanders.

The recent renaming of Mt Mc Kinley to Denali by President Obama is not the first time a highpoint has been renamed and may not be the last time either. Mt Rainier, WA is being considered to being renamed its original. The present name Rainier was actually a portly British Admiral Rainier who actually fought against America during the Revolutionary War yet bears the name of Washingtons highest point!

Clingmans Dome, Tennessee was named after Senator Thomas Clingman who supported the Confederacy and who refused to resign his Senate seat; being one of ten Senators expelled from the Senate in absentia.

Mount Mitchell, North Carolina was named after Elisha Mitchell a geologist who died trying to prove that Mount Mitchell was the highest mountain in North Carolina, after slipping from a cliff near a 40 foot waterfall, hitting his head and drowned. The stories go on and on as you will read below.


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Alabama - Cheaha Mountain 2,405 ft  Creek Indian word for high place is Chaha. <http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565> http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565 looks like a nice place for a future HP Convention.

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Alaska- Denali  The Great One 20,310 ft - The name Denali is a based on the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koyukon_language> Kyukon name of the mountain, Deenaalee translated as "the high one". The <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koyukon> Koyukon are a people of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaskan_Athabaskans> Alaskan Athabaskans settling in the area north of the mountain. A gold prospector, William Dickey, named it Mount McKinley in 1896, after President William McKinley. The state of Alaska officially changed the name to Denali in 1975. On August 31, 2015, with President Barack Obama's approval, Sally Jewell, Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Interior officially <http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/30/politics/obama-alaska-denali-climate-change/> renamed the mountain Denali. Discovered in 1794 by British explorer George Vancouver Denali was first summited on June 7,1913 by Hudson Stuck, Walter Harper, Harry Karstens and Robert Tatum were the first to reach the south summit.

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Arizona  Humphreys Peak  12,633 ft ( <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi_language> Hopi: Aaloosaktukwi, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navajo_language> Navajo: Dook?o?oos?d

In the 1500s, Spanish Conquistadors searching for gold came upon the Peaks and named them Sierra Sinagua, which means mountains without water. The name didnt really stick because the Conquistadors quickly left in search of the Grand Canyon and other gold. In 1629, some Franciscan Friars who were doing missionary work in the area named the mountain San Francisco Peak in honor of patron St. Francis of Assisi (note that this was more than 100 years before the city of San Francisco in California was founded). On many maps today, the official name is printed as San Francisco Mountain, but most people call it the Peaks or San Francisco Peaks.

G.K. Gilbert gave Humphreys Peak its moniker in 1873. He named the mountain after his superior officer, Brig. Gen. Andrew Atkinson Humphreys, who was a captain with the Ives Expedition in 1851.

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Arkansas  Magazine Mountain  2,753 ft -The mountain gets its name from when French explorers were traveling through the area and a landslide occurred on the mountain. The noise from the landslide was so great that one explorer described it as the sound of an ammunition magazine exploding. The explorers then named the mountain "Magazine". Signal Hill is the highest point on Magazine Mountain

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California  Mount Whitney  14,495 ft - In July 1864, the members of the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Geological_Survey> California Geological Survey named the peak after <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_Whitney> Josiah Whitney, the State Geologist of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California> California and benefactor of the survey. During the same expedition, geologist <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_King> Clarence King attempted to climb Whitney from its west side, but stopped just short. In 1871, King returned to climb what he believed to be Whitney, but having taken a different approach, he actually summited nearby <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Langley> Mount Langley. Upon learning of his mistake in 1873, King finally completed his own first ascent of Whitney, but did so a month too late to claim the first recorded ascent. A month earlier on August 18, 1873, Charles Begole, A. H. Johnson, and John Lucas of nearby <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone_Pine,_California> Lone Pine, had become the first to reach the highest summit in the contiguous United States. As they were fishermen, they called the mountain Fisherman's Peak. But in 1891, the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey> United States Geological Survey's Board on Geographic Names decided to recognize the earlier name of Mount Whitney. The name Whitney has remained, resisting a movement after <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II> World War II to rename the mountain for <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill> Winston Churchill.

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Colorado  Mount Elbert  14,433 ft -The mountain was named in honor of Colorado statesman <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Hitt_Elbert> Samuel Hitt Elbert, who was active in the formative period of the State and was <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Colorado#Governors_of_the_Territory_of_Colorado> Governor of the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territory_of_Colorado> Territory of Colorado 1873-1874. Henry W. Stuckle of the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayden_Survey> Hayden Survey was the first to record an ascent of the peak in 1874. The mountainous terrain is categorized as <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yosemite_Decimal_System> Class 1 to 2 Level or A+ in mountaineering parlance. Mount Elbert is referred to as the "gentle giant" that tops all others in the Rocky Mountains.

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Connecticut  Mount Frissell  2,372 Ft - No information available.

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Delaware  Ebright Azimuth  442 ft - "Ebright Azimuth" is not a person's first and last name. James and Grant Ebright owned the property on which the benchmark was placed.

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Florida  Britton Hill -345 ft - Depending on who you believe, Britton Hill was named after the lumber mill baron who developed the area, William Henry Britton, the record setting peak is marked by a stone marker in the middle of a dilapidated rotunda. It is the only state highest point comprised of sand. Anorther version of who Britton Hill was named for is after the retired postmistress of Lakewood which is located in Paxton, Florida.

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Georgia - Brasstown Bald  Enotah  4,784 ft - The mountain is known to the native <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee> Cherokee people as Enotah. It is named for the former Cherokee village of Brasstown,

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Hawaii - Mauna Kea  White Mountain  13, 796 ft - Mauna Kea is called the White Mountain because of the snow that covers its summit. Mauna Kea is a short version of Mauna a Wakea, a name that connects it to the sky father, Wakea.


Mauna Kea, also known by its original name Mauna a Wakea is a sacred place for Hawaiians. Wakea, sometimes translated as "Sky Father" is considered the father of the Hawaiian people.

While it is the dwelling place of the goddess <http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/info/vis/culture/poliahu.html> Poli'ahu it is also associated with the Hawaiian deities Lilinoe and Waiau. The summit was considered the realm of the gods and in ancient times was kapu (forbidden) to all but the highest chiefs and priests. Occasionally Hawaiian ali'i (royalty) would make the long trek to the top, the last royal visitor being Queen Emma in 1881 who led her companions on the arduous 6 hour journey to the top to see the summit and rejuvenate herself in sacred Lake Waiau.

Charles F. Goodrich an American missionary on August 26, 1823, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Missionaries_to_Hawaii> Joseph F. Goodrich, an American missionary, made the first recorded ascent in a single day; however, a small arrangement of stones he observed suggested he was not the first human on the summit.


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Idaho- Borah Peak -12,662 ft - Borah Peak (also known as Mount Borah or Beauty Peak) The mountain was nameless until it was discovered to be higher than <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyndman_Peak> Hyndman Peak, previously regarded as the state's highest point. In February 1934, the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey> U.S. Geological Survey named it for <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Borah> William Borah, the prominent senior <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate> U.S. Senator from Idaho, who had served for nearly 27 years at the time. An outspoken <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_non-interventionism> isolationist, the "Lion of Idaho" ran for president two years later in <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936_presidential_election#Republican_Party_nomination> 1936, but did not win the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936_Republican_National_Convention> Republican nomination, and died in office in 1940.

Illinois  Charles Mound  1,235 ft - Elijah Charles, one of the region's first permanent settlers, arrived in 1828 and settled at the base of the mound and the hill assumed his name.

Indiana  Hoosier Hill  1,257 ft - The best evidence, however, suggests that "Hoosier" was a term of contempt and opprobrium common in the upland South and used to denote a rustic, a bumpkin, a countryman, a roughneck, a hick or an awkward, uncouth or unskilled fellow. Although the word's derogatory meaning has faded, it can still be heard in its original sense, albeit less frequently than its cousins "Cracker" and "Redneck."


Iowa- Hawkeye Point  1,670 ft - The Hawkeye State is a popular nickname for the state of Iowa. According to the Iowa State web site, Two Iowa promoters from Burlington are believed to have popularized the name. The nickname was given approval by territorial officials in 1838, eight years before Iowa became a state, named after Chief Blackhawk. The highpoint was not known until the 1980s - it was believed the IA highpoint was Ocheyedan Mound. At some point in the last 15 years it got the name "Hawkeye Point".

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Kansas- Mountain Sunflower - 4,039 feet Mount Sunflower is the highest point in Kansas. It is located at the far west side of Kansas on the Harold Family Ranch in Wallace County.
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Kentucky  Black Mountain  4,139 ft No information available. Black Mountain is tied to the coal mining of the surrounding area.

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Louisiana  Driskill Mountain  535 ft - Louisianas Driskill Mountain is just a few miles southwest of Ruston. In 1859 James Christopher Driskill bought 324 Louisiana acres with this mountain thrown in, and descendants of his nine children still inhabit the area today.

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Maine  Mt Katahdin  5,268 ft -Translation: The Greatest Mountain-the storm god Pamola is known to frequent its summit <http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm> http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm He first recorded climb of "Catahrdin" was by Massachusetts surveyors Zackery Adley and <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Turner,_Jr.> Charles Turner, Jr. in August 1804. In the 1840s <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau> Henry David Thoreau climbed Katahdin, which he spelled "Ktaadn"; his ascent is recorded in a well-known chapter of The Maine Woods. The mountain is commonly called just "Katahdin" including by Baxter State Park in official publications. The official name is "Mount Katahdin" as decided by the US Board on Geographic Names in 1893.

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Maryland  Hoye Crest  3,360 ft - Located just inside of Maryland along Backbone Mountain is Hoye-Crest. At an elevation of 3,360 feet (1,020 m), it is the highest point in the state of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland> Maryland. The location, named for Captain Charles Hoye, founder of the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland> Garrett County Historical Society.


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Massachusetts  Mt Greylock Wawanotewat  3,487 ft- Chief Graylock was a Western <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abenaki_people> Abenaki warrior chieftain. In 1723 war broke out between the British and the French, Chief Graylock sided with the French and led many daring raids against the British in the Connecticut River Valley. <http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html> http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html The mid-1720s conflict known as <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Father_Rale%27s_War> Dummer's War (also known as Greylock's War, Three Years War, Lovewell's War, Father Rasle's War, or the 4th Indian War) was perhaps the most pitched series of battles and raids between the region's English colonists and groups of the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wabanaki_Confederacy> Wabanaki Confederacy. The mountain was known to 18th century English settlers as Grand Hoosuc(k). In the early 19th century it was called Saddleback Mountain because of its appearance.

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Michigan  Mount Arvon 1,979 ft - No information available. Mt Curwood was formerly thought to be the highest point of Michigan. In 1982, however, the US Department of Interior's Geological Survey team gathered new measurements and found Mount Curwood to be slightly lower in elevation than nearby Mount Arvon. Mount Curwood measured 1,978.24 feet above sea level and Mount Arvon registered at 1,979.238 feet above sea level.

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Minnesota  Eagle Mountain  2,301 ft Mo information available.

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Mississippi  Woodall Mountain  806 ft - Northeast Mississippi proudly features their states high point, named for Civil-War veteran and county sheriff Zephaniah Harvey Woodall, Jr. The mountain itself saw battle action as well: the Battle of Iuka was fought close by, and it is believed Union General William S. Rosecrans used the prominence as an observation post.

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Missouri  Taum Sauk  1,772 ft - Indian Chief of the Piankashaws <http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm> http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm Taum Sauk was an honored chieftain of the Piankashaw tribe who inhabited the area in the early nineteenth century. The mountains loveliest feature, the 132-foot Mina Sauk Falls, is named for his daughter who cast herself from this height after the execution of her forbidden Osage lover.

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Montana - Granite Peak - 12,799 ft - Granite Peaks first ascent was made by Elers Koch, James C. Whitham and R.T. Ferguson on August 29, 1923 after several failed attempts by others. It was the last of the state highpoints to be climbed.

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Nebraska  Panorama Point  5,426 ft - Art Henrickson and Claude Alden discovered the highest point in October 1951 using a WWI altimeter.


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Nevada  Boundary Peak  13,140 ft - The peak purportedly derives its name from its proximity to the Nevada-California state line. Indeed, Boundary is inside Nevada by a mere quarter mile. The 1872 survey performed by A. W. Von Schmidt placed the mountain within California, and for a while, Wheeler Peak was Nevada's highest (which made Esmeralda County's highest point about 12,900' along the ridge just to the northeast.) But the border was later adjusted by the USGS to the west by some 1600-1800 feet, reestablishing Boundary's dominance.The oblique California-Nevada border was finally legally settled by the Untied States Supreme Court n 1980. The Von Schmidt Survey, done in 1873, is askew with the current border established by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey between 1893 and 1899. The effect of the Von Schmidt survey was to place the oblique boundary line east of Boundary Peak, thus putting Boundary Peak in California. If the border had not been changed by the USGS Survey, Wheeler Peak in Great Basin National Park on the east side of Nevada, 13,063 feet, would have the distinction of being the highest point in Nevada.

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New Hampshire - Mt Washington Agiocochook  6,288 ft - Home of the Great Spirit or Mother Goddess of the Storm The first European sighting of Mount Washington was by Italian explorer Giovanni da <http://gonyc.about.com/od/photogalleries/ss/Empire-State-Building-103rd-Floor_10.htm> Verrazzano (1485-1528), who first noted "high interior mountains" from the coast in 1524 as he sailed north. First ascent Darby Field accompanied by two Abenaki Indians in June 1642 <http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm> http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm

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New Jersey High Point  1,803 ft - The land for High Point State Park, donated by Colonel <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_R._Kuser> Anthony R. and Susie Dryden Kuser of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardsville,_New_Jersey> Bernardsville, New Jersey, was dedicated as a park in 1923.


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New Mexico  Wheeler Peak  13,161 ft - was named after George Montague Wheeler, who led expeditions to map the vast area Already leading expeditions in the area after the Civil War, Formerly named Taos Peak, after the nearby town of Taos, New Mexico, it was renamed Wheeler Peak in 1950.

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New York Mount Marcy  5,344 ft - Indian name is Tahawus which means Cloudsplitter <http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm> http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm First climbed on August 5, 1837 by William Redfield named after New York Governor Marcy who narrowly missed being nominated for President in 1852 and served as Secretary of State from 1853 to 1857. Dont we know someone like that today who followed a similar career path? Hillary Clinton. From NY Senator to US Secretary of State to Presidential candidate.





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North Carolina  Mount Mitchell  6,684 ft Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believed by some historians to be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. Found in <http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/629/entry> Yancey County, Mount Mitchell is the largest mountain in North Carolina. The tall peak is part of the 15-mile long Black Mountain Range; the range itself contains six of the ten tallest mountains in the eastern United States. At 6,684 feet, Mount. Mitchell remains the highest point in the state as well as in the eastern part of the country.

Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believed by some historians to be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. John Fraser, an English counterpart to the French botanist Michaux, explored the region during the late 1700s. Fraser fir trees, naturally found in the Black Mountains, are named for the English botanist.

Mount Mitchell is named in honor of Elisha Mitchell, a professor who taught at the <http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/733/entry> University of North Carolina. In the mid-1830s, Mitchell explored the Black Mountains and studied its height of through barometer readings. During this time, many scientists had assumed Grandfather was the tallest peak in North Carolina, but these claims were eventually rebutted by Mitchells study.

After Professor Mitchell revisited the region in 1838 and 1844, he determined that the highest point in eastern America was in the Black Mountains, rather than in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, as was previously believed (Powell, p. 769). Mitchell concluded that Mount Mitchell was 6,672 feet tall, only twelve feet off the true height of the mountain.

Congressman and former student of Mitchells, <http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/750/entry> Thomas Clingman, debated whether Mitchells calculations were correct. After Mitchell had made his calculations, Professor Mitchell and Congressman Clingman argued over the location of North Carolinas highest mountain. During the summer months of 1857, Mitchell sought to build upon his claim and he embarked on a hike on Mount Mitchell. However, his journey proved fatal when he slipped and fell from cliff near a 40-foot waterfall, hitting his head and drowning; he was sixty-three years old.

After Mitchells death his body was eventually interred at the summit of Mount Mitchell. <http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/557/entry> Governor Zebulon Vance became an ardent support of Mitchells evidence, and the mountain was named in his honor.
North Dakota  White Butte  3,506 ft- Name comes a chalky white color resulting from the bentonite clay found in the local rocks and soil.



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Ohio  Campbell Hill  1,549 ft -To European settlers, Campbell Hill was first known as Hogue's Hill or Hoge's Hill, perhaps a misspelling of the name of the person who first deeded the land in 1830, Solomon Hoge. Solomon Lafayette Hoge was born on July 11, 1836 in nearby Pickrelltown, a short distance southeast of Bellefontaine. In 1898, the land was sold to Charles D. Campbell, in whose name Campbell Hill is now known. Campbell sold the hill and surrounding land to August Wagner, who was the original brewer of Augustiner and Gambrinus beers.

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Oklahoma Black Mesa  4,973 ft It's a huge mesa that stretches across New Mexico and Colorado and appears dark from a distance.


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Oregon  Mount Hood  Wy-East - 11,239 ft - The first white men discovered the mountain on October 29, 1792, when British Navy Lt. William E. Broughton and his crew (representing King George III) saw it from the Columbia River near the mouth of the Willamette River. Broughton named the peak for famed British naval officer Admiral Samuel Hood (who never saw the mountain). First climbed on August 14, 1845 by 3 members of the Barlow party - Sam Barlow, Joel Palmer and Phillip Locke.

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Pennsylvania  Mount Davis Negro Mountain  3,213 ft - The high point was named for John Nelson Davis, an early settler, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War> American Civil War veteran, surveyor, and naturalist known for his studies of the mountain's <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora> flora and <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna> fauna. During the Civil War, Davis served in the 102nd Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry, Company E. Details behind the naming of Negro Mountain are not precisely known and a number of local stories have circulated in the past. The various stories seem to share, however, a couple of elements. One is that of a band of white soldiers or hunters skirmishing with Indians on the mountain during colonial times. The other is the presence with the whites of an <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American> African-American companion  variously named "Nemisis" or "Goliath" indicating his great strength or size  who accompanied the whites and died valiantly during the fight. The most popular version of the story] takes place during the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_and_Indian_War> French and Indian War, in the year 1756, when frontiersman Colonel <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cresap> Thomas Cresap is known to have led a force against Native Americans on the mountain. A member of his force, a black slave or a scout named "Nemisis," was killed in the battle. The mountain was accordingly named "Negro Mountain" in his honor.

Comment: Another state highpoint name steeped in controversy. AK, WA & PA.


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Rhode Island - Jerimoth Hill  812 ft - is named for Jerimoth Brown, a fellow who owned the hill and much of the surrounding land in the late 1800s. According to Foster historian Viola Ulm, most people pronounce the name incorrectly. "It's Jer-eye-moth," she told a Providence Journal reporter in 2002.

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South Carolina  Sassafras Mountain  3,554 ft - No information available. Probably sassafras was found abundantly in the area.

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South Dakota - Harney Peak  7,242 ft - "Hinhan KagaPaha" making of owls, the mountain of the sacred owl or the sacred scary owl of the mountain  called by the Lakota people. It is the sacred site where Black Elk received his Great Vision and thus, the Black Elk Wilderness, which borders the peak, is named after this revered religious leader of the Oglala Lakota.

Harney Peak was named for General William S. Harney, a military officer who served in the U.S. Army from 1818 to 1863. Harney fought pirates in the Caribbean, served in the <http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswars1800s/p/Second-Seminole-War-1835-1842.htm> Seminole and Black Hawk Wars, and commanded the 2nd Dragoons in the <http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/Mexican-AmericanWar/a/The-Mexican-American-War.htm> Mexican-American War in the late 1840s. General Harney entered the history of the Black Hills in 1855 when he led troops against the Sioux at the Battle of Ash Hollow, one of the first battles of a 20-year war waged against the Plains Indians. After the battle the Sioux nicknamed him "Woman Killer" because women and children were killed. It's ironic that his name is now attached to one of the sacred mountains of the Sioux.

Although many Native Americans, including <http://www.netplaces.com/philosophy-book/the-forgotten-philosophers/the-medicine-wheel.htm> Black Elk, climbed Harney Peak, its first recorded ascent was by Dr. Valentine McGillycuddy on July 24, 1875. McGillycuddy (1849-1939) was a surveyor with the Newton-Jenney Party, which was looking for gold in the Black Hills, and later was an Army surgeon, who tended <http://archaeology.about.com/cs/military/bb/littlebighorn.htm> Crazy Horse at his death. He was later mayor of Rapid City and the first Surgeon General of South Dakota. After his death at age 90 in California, McGillycuddy's ashes were interred atop his below Harney Peak. A plaque reading "Valentine McGillycuddy, Wasitu Wacan" marks the spot. Wasitu Wacan means "Holy White Man" in Lakota.

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Tennessee  Clingmans Dome - Kuwahi  6,643 ft -The Cherokee know the mountain as Kuwahi or Mulberry Place and consider it a sacred place. According to legend, medicine people would come to the mountain to fast and pray, seeking guidance from the Creator, then they would return to the people of Kituhwa with the guidance and instructions. Clingmans Dome name after Thomas Lanier Clingman (July 27, 1812  November 3, 1897), known as the "Prince of Politicians," was a <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Democratic_Party> Democratic member of the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives> United States House of Representatives from 1843 to 1845 and from 1847 to 1858, and <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate> U.S. senator from the state of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina> North Carolina between 1858 and 1861. During the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War> Civil War he refused to resign his Senate seat and was one of ten senators <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expulsion_from_the_United_States_Congress> expelled from the Senate in absentia. He then served as a general in the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_States_Army> Confederate States Army.
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Texas  Guadelupe Peak - 8,749 ft - Guadalupe is a Spanish place name, the site of a famous convent, which means "river of the wolf" in Arabic. In the 16th century Our Lady of Guadalupe supposedly appeared in a vision to a native Mexican man, and she is now regarded as a patron saint of the Americas.
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Utah  Kings Peak  13,528 ft - The peak was named for <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_King> Clarence King, a <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveying> surveyor in the area and the first director of the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey> United States Geological Survey. Kings Peak is generally regarded as the hardest state highpoint which can be climbed without specialist rock climbing skills and/or guiding.

*

Vermont Mount Mansfield  Mozodepowadso- 4,393 ft - Abenaki word means mountain with a head like a moose. <http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973> http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973 The name Mansfield was suggested in 1777 by <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Young_%28American_revolutionary%29> Dr. Thomas Young, an American revolutionary and <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party> Boston Tea Party participant. French explorer, Samuel Champlain discovered Mt Mansfield in 1607. <https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false> https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ <https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false> &pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false

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Virginia  Mount Rogers  5,729 ft -The mountain is named for William Barton Rogers, a Virginian educated at the College of William & Mary, who taught at William & Mary and the University of Virginia, became Virginia's first State Geologist, and went on to found the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Washington  Mount Rainier T-Swaq 14,411 ft - the sky wiper, it touches the sky - or Tahoma is "that frozen <http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/1/water> water". From the Puyallup <http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/1/tribe> Tribe.

Mount Rainier was once known by its many native names. Now, an alliance of tribal members is moving forward with a proposal to restore an original name to this Northwest landmark. But a long bureaucratic process lies ahead. British explorers named Mount Rainier for a Navy captain who fought to put down the American Revolution. During the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War> American Revolutionary War, Rainier was severely wounded on 8 July 1778, while capturing a large American <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privateer> privateer. He was promoted in rank and went on to become Captain of the 32-gun frigate <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Astraea_%281781%29> HMS Astraea. He commanded her on the Jamaica Station from 1786 to 1790.
In 1790, he became the commander of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Monarch_%281765%29> HMS Monarch. On 8 May 1792, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Vancouver> George Vancouver named <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rainier> Mount Rainier in modern-day <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_%28U.S._state%29> Washington after Captain Rainier:
"The weather was serene and pleasant, and the country continued to exhibit between us and the eastern snowy range the same luxuriant appearance. At is northern extremity, Mount Baker bore by compass N. 22E.; the round snowy mountain, now forming its southern extremity, and which, after my friend, Rear Admiral Rainier, I distinguish by the name of Mount Rainier, bore <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior


Puyallup tribal member Robert Satiacum says what he's proposing is not a name change so much as a restoration. "When they showed up here it got changed. They changed it. That's part of the process I think when you conquer," Satiacum says.
The question then becomes which original name to use.
"Tahoma, Tacobeh, Pooskaus, Tacoma ... There are all these different names," he says.
Tahoma  the mountain that was God
Satiacum says members of his group pondered and prayed before choosing Ti'Swaq&#39;.
"And what that means is the sky, the sky wiper. It touches the sky," Satiacum says.
Satiacum's Alliance to Restore Native Names is first seeking the support of the National Park Service. A Mount Rainier spokesman says the agency doesn't currently have a position and may not take one.
Then it's on to the Washington and U.S. Boards of Geographic Names, a process that could take years. Those panels typically demand evidence of broad local support for any name change.
Native names for other Northwest peaks:




* Mt. Adams = Pah Do

* Mt. Baker = Kulshan

* Mt. Hood = Wy'East

* Mt. St. Helens = Suek



*

West Virginia  Spruce Knob  4,861 ft - No information available. Probably named for the spruce trees found near its summit.

*

Wisconsin  Timms Hill  1,951 ft - Town closest to Timms Hull is called Ogema, derived from the Anishinaabemowin word ogimaa meaning "chief. Origin of state's name: Based on an Indian word "Ouisconsin&quot; believed to mean "grassy place. Timms Hill was likely to be the name of a local landowner.
*


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Wyoming- Gannett Peak  13,804 ft - Named for Henry Gannett geographer, mapmaker and astronomer. On June 7, 1922, the U. S. Geographic Board officially confirmed that the mountain, the highest point in Wyoming, would henceforth be named for the father of American map-makingHenry Gannett. Gannett Peak is the highest peak in the Wind River Range and the ... The first ascent was made in 1922 by Arthur Tate and Floyd Stahlnaker.

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Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
Sat Oct 3, 2015 5:32 pm (PDT) . Posted by:
nj55er
Not the point, sir. COHP is about mountains, not politics. Gratuitous political nonsense is not welcome and invariably leads to hard feelings. If you enjoy political trolling, there are many many forums where you can do so to your heart's content. Know that a trollish post about a right-wing politician would be equally unwelcome.

Mike Schwartz

-----Original Message-----
From: 'Jere Hanan' jerehanan@cjhanan.com [cohp] <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
To: cohp <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Sat, Oct 3, 2015 5:26 pm
Subject: RE: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1

?
Are all lefties this sensitive?

From: cohp@yahoogroups.com [mailto:cohp@yahoogroups.com]
Sent: Saturday, October 03, 2015 11:58 AM
To: cohp@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1

The originator of this post apparently is not a fan of Hillary Rodham Clinton, and the thinly veiled dig at her in the info about Mt. Marcy is inappropriate and irrelevant. It needs to be deleted.

Mike S.

-----Original Message-----
From: highpt43@optimum.net [cohp] <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
To: cohp <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Sat, Oct 3, 2015 10:31 am
Subject: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1

Please find a revised list of the Origin of State Highpoints I submitted on September 29. My thanks to the following individuals for their comments:
Bob Sumner, Boundary Peak, NV
Don Holmes, Boundary Peak, NV
Andy Martin - Magazine Mt, AR and Britton Hill, FL
David Olson Magazine Mt, AR and Timms Hill, WI
Scott Surgent - Hawkeye Point, IA, Black Mesa, OK and Boundary Peak, NV

THE ORIGIN OF STATE HIGH POINT NAMES

INTRODUCTION -

I was requested by John Mitchler to research the Indian names for State highpoints and develop a list. I agreed as I thought this would be a very interesting exercise and it has. My research found four State highpoints that still retain their Native American names and ten more State highpoints that went by a Native American names in the past. That left 36 state high points with no references to Native Americans. It became apparent to me I needed to add more to this list and I decided to broaden this list to include a general origin of State high point names. By doing so I was able to increase my list of State highpoints with named origins to 41 States.

Many state highpoints have been named after explorers, geologists, surveys and military commanders.

The recent renaming of Mt Mc Kinley to Denali by President Obama is not the first time a highpoint has been renamed and may not be the last time either. Mt Rainier, WA is being considered to being renamed its original. The present name Rainier was actually a portly British Admiral Rainier who actually fought against America during the Revolutionary War yet bears the name of Washingtons highest point!

Clingmans Dome, Tennessee was named after Senator Thomas Clingman who supported the Confederacy and who refused to resign his Senate seat; being one of ten Senators expelled from the Senate in absentia.

Mount Mitchell, North Carolina was named after Elisha Mitchell a geologist who died trying to prove that Mount Mitchell was the highest mountain in North Carolina, after slipping from a cliff near a 40 foot waterfall, hitting his head and drowned. The stories go on and on as you will read below.

Alabama - Cheaha Mountain 2,405 ft  Creek Indian word for high place is Chaha. http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565 looks like a nice place for a future HP Convention.

Alaska- Denali  The Great One 20,310 ft - The name Denali is a based on the Kyukon name of the mountain, Deenaalee translated as "the high one". The Koyukon are a people of Alaskan Athabaskans settling in the area north of the mountain. A gold prospector, William Dickey, named it Mount McKinley in 1896, after President William McKinley. The state of Alaska officially changed the name to Denali in 1975. On August 31, 2015, with President Barack Obama's approval, Sally Jewell, Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Interior officially renamed the mountain Denali. Discovered in 1794 by British explorer George Vancouver Denali was first summited on June 7,1913 by Hudson Stuck, Walter Harper, Harry Karstens and Robert Tatum were the first to reach the south summit.




Arizona  Humphreys Peak  12,633 ft (Hopi: Aaloosaktukwi, Navajo: Dook?o?oos?d



In the 1500s, Spanish Conquistadors searching for gold came upon the Peaks and named them Sierra Sinagua, which means mountains without water. The name didnt really stick because the Conquistadors quickly left in search of the Grand Canyon and other gold. In 1629, some Franciscan Friars who were doing missionary work in the area named the mountain San Francisco Peak in honor of patron St. Francis of Assisi (note that this was more than 100 years before the city of San Francisco in California was founded). On many maps today, the official name is printed as San Francisco Mountain, but most people call it the Peaks or San Francisco Peaks.



G.K. Gilbert gave Humphreys Peak its moniker in 1873. He named the mountain after his superior officer, Brig. Gen. Andrew Atkinson Humphreys, who was a captain with the Ives Expedition in 1851.

Arkansas  Magazine Mountain  2,753 ft -The mountain gets its name from when French explorers were traveling through the area and a landslide occurred on the mountain. The noise from the landslide was so great that one explorer described it as the sound of an ammunition magazine exploding. The explorers then named the mountain "Magazine". Signal Hill is the highest point on Magazine Mountain

California  Mount Whitney  14,495 ft - In July 1864, the members of the California Geological Survey named the peak after Josiah Whitney, the State Geologist of California and benefactor of the survey. During the same expedition, geologist Clarence King attempted to climb Whitney from its west side, but stopped just short. In 1871, King returned to climb what he believed to be Whitney, but having taken a different approach, he actually summited nearby Mount Langley. Upon learning of his mistake in 1873, King finally completed his own first ascent of Whitney, but did so a month too late to claim the first recorded ascent. A month earlier on August 18, 1873, Charles Begole, A. H. Johnson, and John Lucas of nearby Lone Pine, had become the first to reach the highest summit in the contiguous United States. As they were fishermen, they called the mountain Fisherman's Peak. But in 1891, the United States Geological Survey's Board on Geographic Names decided to recognize the earlier name of Mount Whitney. The name Whitney has remained, resisting a movement after World War II to rename the mountain for Winston Churchill.




Colorado  Mount Elbert  14,433 ft -The mountain was named in honor of Colorado statesman Samuel Hitt Elbert, who was active in the formative period of the State and was Governor of the Territory of Colorado 1873-1874. Henry W. Stuckle of the Hayden Survey was the first to record an ascent of the peak in 1874. The mountainous terrain is categorized as Class 1 to 2 Level or A+ in mountaineering parlance. Mount Elbert is referred to as the "gentle giant" that tops all others in the Rocky Mountains.




Connecticut  Mount Frissell  2,372 Ft - No information available.




Delaware  Ebright Azimuth  442 ft - "Ebright Azimuth" is not a person's first and last name. James and Grant Ebright owned the property on which the benchmark was placed.




Florida  Britton Hill -345 ft - Depending on who you believe, Britton Hill was named after the lumber mill baron who developed the area, William Henry Britton, the record setting peak is marked by a stone marker in the middle of a dilapidated rotunda. It is the only state highest point comprised of sand. Anorther version of who Britton Hill was named for is after the retired postmistress of Lakewood which is located in Paxton, Florida.




Georgia - Brasstown Bald  Enotah  4,784 ft - The mountain is known to the native Cherokee people as Enotah. It is named for the former Cherokee village of Brasstown,




Hawaii - Mauna Kea  White Mountain  13, 796 ft - Mauna Kea is called the White Mountain because of the snow that covers its summit. Mauna Kea is a short version of Mauna a Wakea, a name that connects it to the sky father, Wakea.



Mauna Kea, also known by its original name Mauna a Wakea is a sacred place for Hawaiians. Wakea, sometimes translated as "Sky Father" is considered the father of the Hawaiian people.

While it is the dwelling place of the goddess Poli'ahu it is also associated with the Hawaiian deities Lilinoe and Waiau. The summit was considered the realm of the gods and in ancient times was kapu (forbidden) to all but the highest chiefs and priests. Occasionally Hawaiian ali'i (royalty) would make the long trek to the top, the last royal visitor being Queen Emma in 1881 who led her companions on the arduous 6 hour journey to the top to see the summit and rejuvenate herself in sacred Lake Waiau.

Charles F. Goodrich an American missionary on August 26, 1823, Joseph F. Goodrich, an American missionary, made the first recorded ascent in a single day; however, a small arrangement of stones he observed suggested he was not the first human on the summit.

Idaho- Borah Peak -12,662 ft - Borah Peak (also known as Mount Borah or Beauty Peak) The mountain was nameless until it was discovered to be higher than Hyndman Peak, previously regarded as the state's highest point. In February 1934, the U.S. Geological Survey named it for William Borah, the prominent senior U.S. Senator from Idaho, who had served for nearly 27 years at the time. An outspoken isolationist, the "Lion of Idaho" ran for president two years later in 1936, but did not win the Republican nomination, and died in office in 1940.

Illinois  Charles Mound  1,235 ft - Elijah Charles, one of the region's first permanent settlers, arrived in 1828 and settled at the base of the mound and the hill assumed his name.

Indiana  Hoosier Hill  1,257 ft - The best evidence, however, suggests that "Hoosier" was a term of contempt and opprobrium common in the upland South and used to denote a rustic, a bumpkin, a countryman, a roughneck, a hick or an awkward, uncouth or unskilled fellow. Although the word's derogatory meaning has faded, it can still be heard in its original sense, albeit less frequently than its cousins "Cracker" and "Redneck."

Iowa- Hawkeye Point  1,670 ft - The Hawkeye State is a popular nickname for the state of Iowa. According to the Iowa State web site, Two Iowa promoters from Burlington are believed to have popularized the name. The nickname was given approval by territorial officials in 1838, eight years before Iowa became a state, named after Chief Blackhawk. The highpoint was not known until the 1980s - it was believed the IA highpoint was Ocheyedan Mound. At some point in the last 15 years it got the name "Hawkeye Point".

Kansas- Mountain Sunflower - 4,039 feet Mount Sunflower is the highest point in Kansas. It is located at the far west side of Kansas on the Harold Family Ranch in Wallace County.





Kentucky  Black Mountain  4,139 ft No information available. Black Mountain is tied to the coal mining of the surrounding area.

Louisiana  Driskill Mountain  535 ft - Louisianas Driskill Mountain is just a few miles southwest of Ruston. In 1859 James Christopher Driskill bought 324 Louisiana acres with this mountain thrown in, and descendants of his nine children still inhabit the area today.

Maine  Mt Katahdin  5,268 ft -Translation: The Greatest Mountain-the storm god Pamola is known to frequent its summit http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm He first recorded climb of "Catahrdin" was by Massachusetts surveyors Zackery Adley and Charles Turner, Jr. in August 1804. In the 1840s Henry David Thoreau climbed Katahdin, which he spelled "Ktaadn"; his ascent is recorded in a well-known chapter of The Maine Woods. The mountain is commonly called just "Katahdin" including by Baxter State Park in official publications. The official name is "Mount Katahdin" as decided by the US Board on Geographic Names in 1893.

Maryland  Hoye Crest  3,360 ft - Located just inside of Maryland along Backbone Mountain is Hoye-Crest. At an elevation of 3,360 feet (1,020 m), it is the highest point in the state of Maryland. The location, named for Captain Charles Hoye, founder of the Garrett County Historical Society.



Massachusetts  Mt Greylock Wawanotewat  3,487 ft- Chief Graylock was a Western Abenaki warrior chieftain. In 1723 war broke out between the British and the French, Chief Graylock sided with the French and led many daring raids against the British in the Connecticut River Valley. http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html The mid-1720s conflict known as Dummer's War (also known as Greylock's War, Three Years War, Lovewell's War, Father Rasle's War, or the 4th Indian War) was perhaps the most pitched series of battles and raids between the region's English colonists and groups of the Wabanaki Confederacy. The mountain was known to 18th century English settlers as Grand Hoosuc(k). In the early 19th century it was called Saddleback Mountain because of its appearance.




Michigan  Mount Arvon 1,979 ft - No information available. Mt Curwood was formerly thought to be the highest point of Michigan. In 1982, however, the US Department of Interior's Geological Survey team gathered new measurements and found Mount Curwood to be slightly lower in elevation than nearby Mount Arvon. Mount Curwood measured 1,978.24 feet above sea level and Mount Arvon registered at 1,979.238 feet above sea level.




Minnesota  Eagle Mountain  2,301 ft Mo information available.

Mississippi  Woodall Mountain  806 ft - Northeast Mississippi proudly features their states high point, named for Civil-War veteran and county sheriff Zephaniah Harvey Woodall, Jr. The mountain itself saw battle action as well: the Battle of Iuka was fought close by, and it is believed Union General William S. Rosecrans used the prominence as an observation post.




Missouri  Taum Sauk  1,772 ft - Indian Chief of the Piankashaws http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm Taum Sauk was an honored chieftain of the Piankashaw tribe who inhabited the area in the early nineteenth century. The mountains loveliest feature, the 132-foot Mina Sauk Falls, is named for his daughter who cast herself from this height after the execution of her forbidden Osage lover.




Montana - Granite Peak - 12,799 ft - Granite Peaks first ascent was made by Elers Koch, James C. Whitham and R.T. Ferguson on August 29, 1923 after several failed attempts by others. It was the last of the state highpoints to be climbed.




Nebraska  Panorama Point  5,426 ft - Art Henrickson and Claude Alden discovered the highest point in October 1951 using a WWI altimeter.



Nevada  Boundary Peak  13,140 ft - The peak purportedly derives its name from its proximity to the Nevada-California state line. Indeed, Boundary is inside Nevada by a mere quarter mile. The 1872 survey performed by A. W. Von Schmidt placed the mountain within California, and for a while, Wheeler Peak was Nevada's highest (which made Esmeralda County's highest point about 12,900' along the ridge just to the northeast.) But the border was later adjusted by the USGS to the west by some 1600-1800 feet, reestablishing Boundary's dominance.The oblique California-Nevada border was finally legally settled by the Untied States Supreme Court n 1980. The Von Schmidt Survey, done in 1873, is askew with the current border established by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey between 1893 and 1899. The effect of the Von Schmidt survey was to place the oblique boundary line east of Boundary Peak, thus putting Boundary Peak in California. If the border had not been changed by the USGS Survey, Wheeler Peak in Great Basin National Park on the east side of Nevada, 13,063 feet, would have the distinction of being the highest point in Nevada.




New Hampshire - Mt Washington Agiocochook  6,288 ft - Home of the Great Spirit or Mother Goddess of the Storm The first European sighting of Mount Washington was by Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano (1485-1528), who first noted "high interior mountains" from the coast in 1524 as he sailed north. First ascent Darby Field accompanied by two Abenaki Indians in June 1642 http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm




New Jersey High Point  1,803 ft - The land for High Point State Park, donated by Colonel Anthony R. and Susie Dryden Kuser of Bernardsville, New Jersey, was dedicated as a park in 1923.






New Mexico  Wheeler Peak  13,161 ft - was named after George Montague Wheeler, who led expeditions to map the vast area Already leading expeditions in the area after the Civil War, Formerly named Taos Peak, after the nearby town of Taos, New Mexico, it was renamed Wheeler Peak in 1950.

New York Mount Marcy  5,344 ft - Indian name is Tahawus which means Cloudsplitter http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm First climbed on August 5, 1837 by William Redfield named after New York Governor Marcy who narrowly missed being nominated for President in 1852 and served as Secretary of State from 1853 to 1857. Dont we know someone like that today who followed a similar career path? Hillary Clinton. From NY Senator to US Secretary of State to Presidential candidate.









North Carolina  Mount Mitchell  6,684 ft Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believed by some historians to be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. Found in Yancey County, Mount Mitchell is the largest mountain in North Carolina. The tall peak is part of the 15-mile long Black Mountain Range; the range itself contains six of the ten tallest mountains in the eastern United States. At 6,684 feet, Mount. Mitchell remains the highest point in the state as well as in the eastern part of the country.

Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believed by some historians to be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. John Fraser, an English counterpart to the French botanist Michaux, explored the region during the late 1700s. Fraser fir trees, naturally found in the Black Mountains, are named for the English botanist.

Mount Mitchell is named in honor of Elisha Mitchell, a professor who taught at the University of North Carolina. In the mid-1830s, Mitchell explored the Black Mountains and studied its height of through barometer readings. During this time, many scientists had assumed Grandfather was the tallest peak in North Carolina, but these claims were eventually rebutted by Mitchells study.

After Professor Mitchell revisited the region in 1838 and 1844, he determined that the highest point in eastern America was in the Black Mountains, rather than in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, as was previously believed (Powell, p. 769). Mitchell concluded that Mount Mitchell was 6,672 feet tall, only twelve feet off the true height of the mountain.

Congressman and former student of Mitchells, Thomas Clingman, debated whether Mitchells calculations were correct. After Mitchell had made his calculations, Professor Mitchell and Congressman Clingman argued over the location of North Carolinas highest mountain. During the summer months of 1857, Mitchell sought to build upon his claim and he embarked on a hike on Mount Mitchell. However, his journey proved fatal when he slipped and fell from cliff near a 40-foot waterfall, hitting his head and drowning; he was sixty-three years old.

After Mitchells death his body was eventually interred at the summit of Mount Mitchell. Governor Zebulon Vance became an ardent support of Mitchells evidence, and the mountain was named in his honor.

North Dakota  White Butte  3,506 ft- Name comes a chalky white color resulting from the bentonite clay found in the local rocks and soil.

Ohio  Campbell Hill  1,549 ft -To European settlers, Campbell Hill was first known as Hogue's Hill or Hoge's Hill, perhaps a misspelling of the name of the person who first deeded the land in 1830, Solomon Hoge. Solomon Lafayette Hoge was born on July 11, 1836 in nearby Pickrelltown, a short distance southeast of Bellefontaine. In 1898, the land was sold to Charles D. Campbell, in whose name Campbell Hill is now known. Campbell sold the hill and surrounding land to August Wagner, who was the original brewer of Augustiner and Gambrinus beers.

Oklahoma Black Mesa  4,973 ft It's a huge mesa that stretches across New Mexico and Colorado and appears dark from a distance.

Oregon  Mount Hood  Wy-East - 11,239 ft - The first white men discovered the mountain on October 29, 1792, when British Navy Lt. William E. Broughton and his crew (representing King George III) saw it from the Columbia River near the mouth of the Willamette River. Broughton named the peak for famed British naval officer Admiral Samuel Hood (who never saw the mountain). First climbed on August 14, 1845 by 3 members of the Barlow party - Sam Barlow, Joel Palmer and Phillip Locke.

Pennsylvania  Mount Davis Negro Mountain  3,213 ft - The high point was named for John Nelson Davis, an early settler, American Civil War veteran, surveyor, and naturalist known for his studies of the mountain's flora and fauna. During the Civil War, Davis served in the 102nd Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry, Company E. Details behind the naming of Negro Mountain are not precisely known and a number of local stories have circulated in the past. The various stories seem to share, however, a couple of elements. One is that of a band of white soldiers or hunters skirmishing with Indians on the mountain during colonial times. The other is the presence with the whites of an African-American companion  variously named "Nemisis" or "Goliath" indicating his great strength or size  who accompanied the whites and died valiantly during the fight. The most popular version of the story] takes place during the French and Indian War, in the year 1756, when frontiersman Colonel Thomas Cresap is known to have led a force against Native Americans on the mountain. A member of his force, a black slave or a scout named "Nemisis," was killed in the battle. The mountain was accordingly named "Negro Mountain" in his honor.

Comment: Another state highpoint name steeped in controversy. AK, WA & PA.

Rhode Island - Jerimoth Hill  812 ft - is named for Jerimoth Brown, a fellow who owned the hill and much of the surrounding land in the late 1800s. According to Foster historian Viola Ulm, most people pronounce the name incorrectly. "It's Jer-eye-moth," she told a Providence Journal reporter in 2002.




South Carolina  Sassafras Mountain  3,554 ft - No information available. Probably sassafras was found abundantly in the area.




South Dakota - Harney Peak  7,242 ft - "Hinhan KagaPaha" making of owls, the mountain of the sacred owl or the sacred scary owl of the mountain  called by the Lakota people. It is the sacred site where Black Elk received his Great Vision and thus, the Black Elk Wilderness, which borders the peak, is named after this revered religious leader of the Oglala Lakota.



Harney Peak was named for General William S. Harney, a military officer who served in the U.S. Army from 1818 to 1863. Harney fought pirates in the Caribbean, served in the Seminole and Black Hawk Wars, and commanded the 2nd Dragoons in the Mexican-American War in the late 1840s. General Harney entered the history of the Black Hills in 1855 when he led troops against the Sioux at the Battle of Ash Hollow, one of the first battles of a 20-year war waged against the Plains Indians. After the battle the Sioux nicknamed him "Woman Killer" because women and children were killed. It's ironic that his name is now attached to one of the sacred mountains of the Sioux.

Although many Native Americans, including Black Elk, climbed Harney Peak, its first recorded ascent was by Dr. Valentine McGillycuddy on July 24, 1875. McGillycuddy (1849-1939) was a surveyor with the Newton-Jenney Party, which was looking for gold in the Black Hills, and later was an Army surgeon, who tended Crazy Horse at his death. He was later mayor of Rapid City and the first Surgeon General of South Dakota. After his death at age 90 in California, McGillycuddy's ashes were interred atop his below Harney Peak. A plaque reading "Valentine McGillycuddy, Wasitu Wacan" marks the spot. Wasitu Wacan means "Holy White Man" in Lakota.

Tennessee  Clingmans Dome - Kuwahi  6,643 ft -The Cherokee know the mountain as Kuwahi or Mulberry Place and consider it a sacred place. According to legend, medicine people would come to the mountain to fast and pray, seeking guidance from the Creator, then they would return to the people of Kituhwa with the guidance and instructions. Clingmans Dome name after Thomas Lanier Clingman (July 27, 1812  November 3, 1897), known as the "Prince of Politicians," was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from 1843 to 1845 and from 1847 to 1858, and U.S. senator from the state of North Carolina between 1858 and 1861. During the Civil War he refused to resign his Senate seat and was one of ten senators expelled from the Senate in absentia. He then served as a general in the Confederate States Army.





Texas  Guadelupe Peak - 8,749 ft - Guadalupe is a Spanish place name, the site of a famous convent, which means "river of the wolf" in Arabic. In the 16th century Our Lady of Guadalupe supposedly appeared in a vision to a native Mexican man, and she is now regarded as a patron saint of the Americas.





Utah  Kings Peak  13,528 ft - The peak was named for Clarence King, a surveyor in the area and the first director of the United States Geological Survey. Kings Peak is generally regarded as the hardest state highpoint which can be climbed without specialist rock climbing skills and/or guiding.

Vermont Mount Mansfield  Mozodepowadso- 4,393 ft - Abenaki word means mountain with a head like a moose. http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973 The name Mansfield was suggested in 1777 by Dr. Thomas Young, an American revolutionary and Boston Tea Party participant. French explorer, Samuel Champlain discovered Mt Mansfield in 1607. https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false




Virginia  Mount Rogers  5,729 ft -The mountain is named for William Barton Rogers, a Virginian educated at the College of William & Mary, who taught at William & Mary and the University of Virginia, became Virginia's first State Geologist, and went on to found the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Washington  Mount Rainier T-Swaq 14,411 ft - the sky wiper, it touches the sky - or Tahoma is "that frozen water". From the Puyallup Tribe.


Mount Rainier was once known by its many native names. Now, an alliance of tribal members is moving forward with a proposal to restore an original name to this Northwest landmark. But a long bureaucratic process lies ahead. British explorers named Mount Rainier for a Navy captain who fought to put down the American Revolution. During the American Revolutionary War, Rainier was severely wounded on 8 July 1778, while capturing a large American privateer. He was promoted in rank and went on to become Captain of the 32-gun frigate HMS Astraea. He commanded her on the Jamaica Station from 1786 to 1790.

In 1790, he became the commander of HMS Monarch. On 8 May 1792, George Vancouver named Mount Rainier in modern-day Washington after Captain Rainier:

"The weather was serene and pleasant, and the country continued to exhibit between us and the eastern snowy range the same luxuriant appearance. At is northern extremity, Mount Baker bore by compass N. 22E.; the round snowy mountain, now forming its southern extremity, and which, after my friend, Rear Admiral Rainier, I distinguish by the name of Mount Rainier, bore https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior

Puyallup tribal member Robert Satiacum says what he's proposing is not a name change so much as a restoration. "When they showed up here it got changed. They changed it. That's part of the process I think when you conquer," Satiacum says.

The question then becomes which original name to use.

"Tahoma, Tacobeh, Pooskaus, Tacoma ... There are all these different names," he says.

Tahoma  the mountain that was God

Satiacum says members of his group pondered and prayed before choosing Ti'Swaq&#39;.

"And what that means is the sky, the sky wiper. It touches the sky," Satiacum says.

Satiacum's Alliance to Restore Native Names is first seeking the support of the National Park Service. A Mount Rainier spokesman says the agency doesn't currently have a position and may not take one.

Then it's on to the Washington and U.S. Boards of Geographic Names, a process that could take years. Those panels typically demand evidence of broad local support for any name change.

Native names for other Northwest peaks:

Mt. Adams = Pah Do
Mt. Baker = Kulshan
Mt. Hood = Wy'East
Mt. St. Helens = Suek

West Virginia  Spruce Knob  4,861 ft - No information available. Probably named for the spruce trees found near its summit.

Wisconsin  Timms Hill  1,951 ft - Town closest to Timms Hull is called Ogema, derived from the Anishinaabemowin word ogimaa meaning "chief. Origin of state's name: Based on an Indian word "Ouisconsin&quot; believed to mean "grassy place. Timms Hill was likely to be the name of a local landowner.





Wyoming- Gannett Peak  13,804 ft - Named for Henry Gannett geographer, mapmaker and astronomer. On June 7, 1922, the U. S. Geographic Board officially confirmed that the mountain, the highest point in Wyoming, would henceforth be named for the father of American map-makingHenry Gannett. Gannett Peak is the highest peak in the Wind River Range and the ... The first ascent was made in 1922 by Arthur Tate and Floyd Stahlnaker.

Reply to sender . Reply to group . Reply via Web Post . All Messages (6) . Top ^
1f
Re: The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
Sat Oct 3, 2015 10:55 pm (PDT) . Posted by:
"Scott Surgent" surgent1
This group has had a long-standing ability to check the political stuff at
the door. Since I joined in 1999, the number of such cases where it has
gotten a little out of control has been very small. We generally don't care
who you like or don't like as long as your stories about highpoints are
entertaining. Let's keep it that way.

Scott

On 3 October 2015 at 17:32, spookymike@aol.com [cohp] <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
wrote:

>
>
> Not the point, sir. COHP is about mountains, not politics. Gratuitous
> political nonsense is not welcome and invariably leads to hard feelings.
> If you enjoy political trolling, there are many many forums where you can
> do so to your heart's content. Know that a trollish post about a
> right-wing politician would be equally unwelcome.
>
>
>
> Mike Schwartz
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: 'Jere Hanan' jerehanan@cjhanan.com [cohp] <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
> To: cohp <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
> Sent: Sat, Oct 3, 2015 5:26 pm
> Subject: RE: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
>
>
> ?
> Are all lefties this sensitive?
>
> ------------------------------
> *From:* cohp@yahoogroups.com [mailto:cohp@yahoogroups.com
> <cohp@yahoogroups.com?>]
> *Sent:* Saturday, October 03, 2015 11:58 AM
> *To:* cohp@yahoogroups.com
> *Subject:* Re: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
>
>
> The originator of this post apparently is not a fan of Hillary Rodham
> Clinton, and the thinly veiled dig at her in the info about Mt. Marcy is
> inappropriate and irrelevant. It needs to be deleted.
>
>
> Mike S.
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: highpt43@optimum.net [cohp] <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
> To: cohp <cohp@yahoogroups.com>
> Sent: Sat, Oct 3, 2015 10:31 am
> Subject: [cohp] The Origin of State Highpoints - Rev. #1
>
>
> Please find a revised list of the Origin of State Highpoints I submitted
> on September 29. My thanks to the following individuals for their comments:
> Bob Sumner, Boundary Peak, NV
> Don Holmes, Boundary Peak, NV
> Andy Martin - Magazine Mt, AR and Britton Hill, FL
> David Olson Magazine Mt, AR and Timms Hill, WI
> Scott Surgent - Hawkeye Point, IA, Black Mesa, OK and Boundary Peak, NV
>
>
>
> *THE ORIGIN OF STATE HIGH POINT NAMES*
>
> *INTRODUCTION - *
>
> I was requested by John Mitchler to research the Indian names for State
> highpoints and develop a list. I agreed as I thought this would be a
> very interesting exercise and it has. My research found four State
> highpoints that still retain their Native American names and ten more State
> highpoints that went by a Native American names in the past. That left 36
> state high points with no references to Native Americans. It became
> apparent to me I needed to add more to this list and I decided to broaden
> this list to include a general origin of State high point names. By doing
> so I was able to increase my list of State highpoints with named origins to
> 41 States.
>
> Many state highpoints have been named after explorers, geologists, surveys
> and military commanders.
>
> The recent renaming of Mt Mc Kinley to Denali by President Obama is not
> the first time a highpoint has been renamed and may not be the last time
> either. Mt Rainier, WA is being considered to being renamed its original.
> The present name Rainier was actually a portly British Admiral Rainier who
> actually fought against America during the Revolutionary War yet bears the
> name of Washingtons highest point!
>
> Clingmans Dome, Tennessee was named after Senator Thomas Clingman who
> supported the Confederacy and who refused to resign his Senate seat; being
> one of ten Senators expelled from the Senate in absentia.
>
> Mount Mitchell, North Carolina was named after Elisha Mitchell a geologist
> who died trying to prove that Mount Mitchell was the highest mountain in
> North Carolina, after slipping from a cliff near a 40 foot waterfall,
> hitting his head and drowned. The stories go on and on as you will read
> below.
>
>
> - *Alabama - Cheaha Mountain* *2,405 ft*  Creek Indian word for high
> place is *Chaha.*
> <http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565>*http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565
> <http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2565>* looks like a
> nice place for a future HP Convention.
>
>
> - *Alaska- Denali*  *The Great One* *20,310 ft* - The name *Denali*
> is a based on the *Kyukon*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koyukon_language> name of the mountain,
> *Deenaalee* translated as "the high one". The *Koyukon*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koyukon> are a people of *Alaskan
> Athabaskans* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaskan_Athabaskans>
> settling in the area north of the mountain. A gold prospector, William
> Dickey, named it Mount McKinley in 1896, after President William McKinley.
> The state of Alaska officially changed the name to Denali in 1975. On
> August 31, 2015, with President Barack Obama's approval, Sally Jewell,
> Secretary of the U.S. Department of the Interior officially *renamed
> the mountain Denali*
> <http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/30/politics/obama-alaska-denali-climate-change/>.
> *Discovered in 1794 by *British explorer George Vancouver Denali was *first
> summited on June 7,1913 by* Hudson Stuck, Walter Harper, Harry
> Karstens and Robert Tatum were the first to reach the south summit.
>
> - *Arizona  Humphreys Peak*  *12,633 ft* (*Hopi*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopi_language>: *Aaloosaktukwi,*
> *Navajo* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navajo_language>: *Dook?o?oos?d
> *
>
> In the 1500s, Spanish Conquistadors searching for gold came upon the
> Peaks and named them Sierra Sinagua, which means mountains without
> water. The name didnt really stick because the Conquistadors quickly
> left in search of the Grand Canyon and other gold. In 1629, some Franciscan
> Friars who were doing missionary work in the area named the mountain San
> Francisco Peak in honor of patron St. Francis of Assisi (note that this
> was more than 100 years before the city of San Francisco in California was
> founded). On many maps today, the official name is printed as San
> Francisco Mountain, but most people call it the Peaks or San Francisco
> Peaks.
>
> G.K. Gilbert gave Humphreys Peak its moniker in 1873. He named the
> mountain after his superior officer, Brig. Gen. Andrew Atkinson Humphreys,
> who was a captain with the Ives Expedition in 1851.
>
>
> - *Arkansas  Magazine Mountain*  *2,753 ft* -The mountain gets its
> name from when French explorers were traveling through the area and a
> landslide occurred on the mountain. The noise from the landslide was so
> great that one explorer described it as the sound of an ammunition magazine
> exploding. The explorers then named the mountain "Magazine". Signal Hill is
> the highest point on Magazine Mountain
>
>
> - *California  Mount Whitney*  *14,495 ft* - In July 1864, the
> members of the *California Geological Survey*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Geological_Survey> named the
> peak after *Josiah Whitney*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_Whitney>, the State Geologist of
> *California* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California> and benefactor
> of the survey. During the same expedition, geologist *Clarence King*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_King> attempted to climb
> Whitney from its west side, but stopped just short. In 1871, King returned
> to climb what he believed to be Whitney, but having taken a different
> approach, he actually summited nearby *Mount Langley*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Langley>. Upon learning of his
> mistake in 1873, King finally completed his own first ascent of Whitney,
> but did so a month too late to claim the first recorded ascent. A month
> earlier on August 18, 1873, Charles Begole, A. H. Johnson, and John Lucas
> of nearby *Lone Pine*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone_Pine,_California>, had become the
> first to reach the highest summit in the contiguous United States. As they
> were fishermen, they called the mountain Fisherman's Peak. But in 1891, the *United
> States Geological Survey*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey>'s
> Board on Geographic Names decided to recognize the earlier name of Mount
> Whitney. The name Whitney has remained, resisting a movement after *World
> War II* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II> to rename the
> mountain for *Winston Churchil*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill>l.
>
> - *Colorado  Mount Elbert*  *14,433 ft* -The mountain was named in
> honor of Colorado statesman *Samuel Hitt Elbert*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Hitt_Elbert>, who was active in
> the formative period of the State and was *Governor*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Colorado#Governors_of_the_Territory_of_Colorado>
> of the *Territory of Colorado*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territory_of_Colorado> 1873-1874. Henry
> W. Stuckle of the *Hayden Survey*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayden_Survey> was the first to record
> an ascent of the peak in 1874. The mountainous terrain is categorized as *Class
> 1 to 2 Level* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yosemite_Decimal_System>
> or A+ in mountaineering parlance. Mount Elbert is referred to as the
> "gentle giant" that tops all others in the Rocky Mountains.
>
> - *Connecticut  Mount Frissell * *2,372 Ft* - No information
> available.
>
> - *Delaware  Ebright Azimuth*  *442 ft -* "Ebright Azimuth" is not a
> person's first and last name. James and Grant Ebright owned the property on
> which the benchmark was placed.
>
> - *Florida  Britton Hill* -*345 ft* - Depending on who you believe,
> Britton Hill was named after the lumber mill baron who developed the area,
> William Henry Britton, the record setting peak is marked by a stone marker
> in the middle of a dilapidated rotunda. It is the only state highest
> point comprised of sand. Anorther version of who Britton Hill was named for
> is after the retired postmistress of Lakewood which is located in Paxton,
> Florida.
>
> - *Georgia* - *Brasstown Bald*  *Enotah*  *4,784 ft *- The
> mountain is known to the native *Cherokee*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherokee> people as Enotah. It is named
> for the former Cherokee village of Brasstown,
>
> - *Hawaii - Mauna Kea  White Mountain*  *13, 796 ft *- Mauna Kea
> is called the White Mountain because of the snow that covers its summit.
> Mauna Kea is a short version of Mauna a Wakea, a name that connects it to
> the sky father, Wakea.
>
>
> Mauna Kea, also known by its original name *Mauna a Wakea* is a sacred
> place for Hawaiians. Wakea, sometimes translated as "Sky Father" is
> considered the father of the Hawaiian people.
>
> While it is the dwelling place of the goddess *Poli'ahu*
> <http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/info/vis/culture/poliahu.html> it is also
> associated with the Hawaiian deities *Lilinoe* and *Waiau. *The summit
> was considered the realm of the gods and in ancient times was *kapu *(forbidden)
> to all but the highest chiefs and priests. Occasionally Hawaiian ali'i
> (royalty) would make the long trek to the top, the last royal visitor being
> Queen Emma in 1881 who led her companions on the arduous 6 hour journey to
> the top to see the summit and rejuvenate herself in sacred Lake Waiau.
>
> Charles F. Goodrich an American missionary on August 26, 1823, *Joseph F.
> Goodrich* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Missionaries_to_Hawaii>,
> an American missionary, made the first recorded ascent in a single day;
> however, a small arrangement of stones he observed suggested he was not the
> first human on the summit.
>
>
> - *Idaho- Borah Peak* -*12,662 ft* - Borah Peak (also known as Mount
> Borah or Beauty Peak) The mountain was nameless until it was
> discovered to be higher than *Hyndman Peak*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyndman_Peak>, previously regarded as
> the state's highest point. In February 1934, the *U.S. Geological
> Survey* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey>
> named it for *William Borah*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Borah>, the prominent senior *U.S.
> Senator* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate> from
> Idaho, who had served for nearly 27 years at the time. An outspoken
> *isolationist*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_non-interventionism>, the
> "Lion of Idaho" ran for president two years later in *1936*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936_presidential_election#Republican_Party_nomination>,
> but did not win the *Republican nomination*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1936_Republican_National_Convention>,
> and died in office in 1940.
>
>
> *Illinois  Charles Mound*  *1,235 ft *- Elijah Charles, one of the
> region's first permanent settlers, arrived in 1828 and settled at the base
> of the mound and the hill assumed his name.
>
> *Indiana  Hoosier Hill*  *1,257 ft* - The best evidence, however,
> suggests that "Hoosier" was a term of contempt and opprobrium common in the
> upland South and used to denote a rustic, a bumpkin, a countryman, a
> roughneck, a hick or an awkward, uncouth or unskilled fellow. Although the
> word's derogatory meaning has faded, it can still be heard in its original
> sense, albeit less frequently than its cousins "Cracker" and "Redneck."
>
>
> *Iowa- Hawkeye Point*  *1,670 ft* - The *Hawkeye State* is a popular
> nickname for the state of Iowa. According to the Iowa State web site, Two
> Iowa promoters from Burlington are believed to have popularized the name.
> The nickname was given approval by territorial officials in 1838, eight
> years before Iowa became a state, named after Chief Blackhawk. The
> highpoint was not known until the 1980s - it was believed the IA highpoint
> was Ocheyedan Mound. At some point in the last 15 years it got the name
> "Hawkeye Point".
>
>
> - *Kansas- Mountain Sunflower* - *4,039 feet* Mount Sunflower is the
> highest point in Kansas. It is located at the far west side of Kansas on
> the Harold Family Ranch in Wallace County.
> -
> - *Kentucky  Black Mountain*  *4,139 ft* No information available. Black
> Mountain is tied to the coal mining of the surrounding area.
>
>
> - *Louisiana  Driskill Mountain*  *535 ft* - Louisianas Driskill
> Mountain is just a few miles southwest of Ruston. In 1859 James Christopher
> Driskill bought 324 Louisiana acres with this mountain thrown in, and
> descendants of his nine children still inhabit the area today.
>
>
>
> - *Maine  Mt Katahdin*  *5,268 ft *-Translation: The Greatest
> Mountain-the storm god Pamola is known to frequent its summit
> <http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm>*http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm
> <http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/Mount-Kahtadin-Maines-Highest-Mountain.htm>*
> He first recorded climb of "Catahrdin" was by Massachusetts surveyors
> Zackery Adley and *Charles Turner, Jr.*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Turner,_Jr.> in August 1804. In
> the 1840s *Henry David Thoreau*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_David_Thoreau> climbed Katahdin,
> which he spelled "Ktaadn"; his ascent is recorded in a well-known chapter
> of *The Maine Woods.* The mountain is commonly called just "Katahdin"
> including by Baxter State Park in official publications. The official name
> is "Mount Katahdin" as decided by the US Board on Geographic Names in 1893.
>
>
>
> - *Maryland  Hoye Crest*  *3,360 ft* - Located just inside of
> Maryland along Backbone Mountain is Hoye-Crest. At an elevation of
> 3,360 feet (1,020 m), it is the highest point in the state of
> *Maryland* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland>. The location,
> named for Captain Charles Hoye, founder of the *Garrett County*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrett_County,_Maryland> Historical
> Society.
>
>
>
> - *Massachusetts  Mt Greylock* *Wawanotewat*  *3,487 ft*- Chief
> Graylock was a Western *Abenaki*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abenaki_people> warrior chieftain. In
> 1723 war broke out between the British and the French, Chief Graylock sided
> with the French and led many daring raids against the British in the
> Connecticut River Valley.
> <http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html>*http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html
> <http://www.berkshireweb.com/sports/hiking/graylock.html>* The
> mid-1720s conflict known as *Dummer's War*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Father_Rale%27s_War> (also known as Greylock's
> War, Three Years War, Lovewell's War, Father Rasle's War, or the 4th
> Indian War) was perhaps the most pitched series of battles and raids
> between the region's English colonists and groups of the *Wabanaki
> Confederacy* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wabanaki_Confederacy>.
> The mountain was known to 18th century English settlers as *Grand
> Hoosuc(k)*. In the early 19th century it was called *Saddleback
> Mountain* because of its appearance.
>
> - *Michigan * *Mount Arvon* *1,979 ft* - No information available.
> Mt Curwood was formerly thought to be the highest point of Michigan. In
> 1982, however, the US Department of Interior's Geological Survey team
> gathered new measurements and found Mount Curwood to be slightly lower in
> elevation than nearby Mount Arvon. Mount Curwood measured 1,978.24 feet
> above sea level and Mount Arvon registered at 1,979.238 feet above sea
> level.
>
> - *Minnesota * *Eagle Mountain*  *2,301* ft Mo information available.
>
>
>
> - *Mississippi  Woodall Mountain*  *806 ft -* Northeast Mississippi
> proudly features their states high point, named for Civil-War veteran and
> county sheriff Zephaniah Harvey Woodall, Jr. The mountain itself saw battle
> action as well: the Battle of Iuka was fought close by, and it is believed
> Union General William S. Rosecrans used the prominence as an observation
> post.
>
> - *Missouri  Taum Sauk*  *1,772 ft *- Indian Chief of the
> Piankashaws
> <http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm>*http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm
> <http://missouri-vacations.com/taum-sauk-mountain-state-park/index.htm>*
> Taum Sauk was an honored chieftain of the Piankashaw tribe who inhabited
> the area in the early nineteenth century. The mountains loveliest feature,
> the 132-foot Mina Sauk Falls, is named for his daughter who cast herself
> from this height after the execution of her forbidden Osage lover.
>
> - *Montana - Granite Peak -* *12,799 ft* - Granite Peaks first
> ascent was made by Elers Koch, James C. Whitham and R.T. Ferguson on August
> 29, 1923 after several failed attempts by others. It was the last of the
> state highpoints to be climbed.
>
> - *Nebraska  Panorama Point*  *5,426 ft -* Art Henrickson and Claude
> Alden discovered the highest point in October 1951 using a WWI altimeter.
>
>
>
>
>
> - *Nevada  Boundary Peak*  *13,140 ft* - The peak purportedly
> derives its name from its proximity to the Nevada-California state line.
> Indeed, Boundary is inside Nevada by a mere quarter mile. The 1872 survey
> performed by A. W. Von Schmidt placed the mountain within California, and
> for a while, Wheeler Peak was Nevada's highest (which made Esmeralda
> County's highest point about 12,900' along the ridge just to the
> northeast.) But the border was later adjusted by the USGS to the west by
> some 1600-1800 feet, reestablishing Boundary's dominance.The oblique
> California-Nevada border was finally legally settled by the Untied States
> Supreme Court n 1980. The Von Schmidt Survey, done in 1873, is askew with
> the current border established by the United States Coast and Geodetic
> Survey between 1893 and 1899. The effect of the Von Schmidt survey was to
> place the oblique boundary line east of Boundary Peak, thus putting
> Boundary Peak in California. If the border had not been changed by the USGS
> Survey, Wheeler Peak in Great Basin National Park on the east side of
> Nevada, 13,063 feet, would have the distinction of being the highest point
> in Nevada.
>
> - *New Hampshire - Mt Washington Agiocochook*  *6,288 ft -* Home
> of the Great Spirit or Mother Goddess of the Storm The first European
> sighting of Mount Washington was by Italian explorer Giovanni da
> *Verrazzano*
> <http://gonyc.about.com/od/photogalleries/ss/Empire-State-Building-103rd-Floor_10.htm>
> (1485-1528), who first noted "high interior mountains" from the coast in
> 1524 as he sailed north. First ascent Darby Field accompanied by two
> Abenaki Indians in June 1642
> <http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm>*http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm
> <http://climbing.about.com/od/usstatehighpoints/a/MtWashingtonFacts.htm>*
>
> - *New Jersey High Point*  *1,803 ft -* The land for High Point State
> Park, donated by Colonel *Anthony R. and Susie Dryden Kuser*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_R._Kuser> of *Bernardsville,
> New Jersey* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernardsville,_New_Jersey>,
> was dedicated as a park in 1923.
>
>
> - *New Mexico  Wheeler Peak*  *13,161 ft *- was named after George
> Montague Wheeler, who led expeditions to map the vast area Already
> leading expeditions in the area after the Civil War, Formerly named
> Taos Peak, after the nearby town of Taos, New Mexico, it was renamed
> Wheeler Peak in 1950.
>
>
>
> - *New York Mount Marcy*  *5,344 ft* - Indian name is *Tahawus*
> which means Cloudsplitter
> <http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm>*http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm
> <http://www.highpeaksclimbing.com/ADKS/Marcy/Marcy.htm>* First climbed
> on August 5, 1837 by William Redfield named after New York Governor Marcy
> who narrowly missed being nominated for President in 1852 and served as
> Secretary of State from 1853 to 1857. Dont we know someone like that today
> who followed a similar career path? Hillary Clinton. From NY Senator to US
> Secretary of State to Presidential candidate.
>
>
>
>
>
>
> - *North Carolina  Mount Mitchell*  *6,684 ft* Andre Michaux, a
> French scientist and botanist, is believed by some historians to be the
> first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. Found in *Yancey County*
> <http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/629/entry>, Mount
> Mitchell is the largest mountain in North Carolina. The tall peak is part
> of the 15-mile long Black Mountain Range; the range itself contains six of
> the ten tallest mountains in the eastern United States. At 6,684 feet,
> Mount. Mitchell remains the highest point in the state as well as in the
> eastern part of the country.
>
>
> Andre Michaux, a French scientist and botanist, is believed by some
> historians to be the first European to climb Mt. Mitchell in 1789. John
> Fraser, an English counterpart to the French botanist Michaux, explored the
> region during the late 1700s. Fraser fir trees, naturally found in the
> Black Mountains, are named for the English botanist.
>
> Mount Mitchell is named in honor of Elisha Mitchell, a professor who
> taught at the *University of North Carolina*
> <http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/733/entry>. In the
> mid-1830s, Mitchell explored the Black Mountains and studied its height of
> through barometer readings. During this time, many scientists had assumed
> Grandfather was the tallest peak in North Carolina, but these claims were
> eventually rebutted by Mitchells study.
>
> After Professor Mitchell revisited the region in 1838 and 1844, he
> determined that the highest point in eastern America was in the Black
> Mountains, rather than in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, as was
> previously believed (Powell, p. 769). Mitchell concluded that Mount
> Mitchell was 6,672 feet tall, only twelve feet off the true height of the
> mountain.
>
> Congressman and former student of Mitchells, *Thomas Clingman*
> <http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/750/entry>, debated
> whether Mitchells calculations were correct. After Mitchell had made his
> calculations, Professor Mitchell and Congressman Clingman argued over the
> location of North Carolinas highest mountain. During the summer months of
> 1857, Mitchell sought to build upon his claim and he embarked on a hike on
> Mount Mitchell. However, his journey proved fatal when he slipped and fell
> from cliff near a 40-foot waterfall, hitting his head and drowning; he was
> sixty-three years old.
>
> After Mitchells death his body was eventually interred at the summit of
> Mount Mitchell. *Governor Zebulon Vance*
> <http://www.northcarolinahistory.org/encyclopedia/557/entry> became an
> ardent support of Mitchells evidence, and the mountain was named in his
> honor.
> *North Dakota  White Butte*  *3,506 ft-* Name comes a chalky white
> color resulting from the bentonite clay found in the local rocks and soil.
>
>
>
>
> - *Ohio  Campbell Hill*  *1,549 ft* -To European settlers, Campbell
> Hill was first known as Hogue's Hill or Hoge's Hill, perhaps a misspelling
> of the name of the person who first deeded the land in 1830, Solomon Hoge.
> Solomon Lafayette Hoge was born on July 11, 1836 in nearby Pickrelltown, a
> short distance southeast of Bellefontaine. In 1898, the land was sold to
> Charles D. Campbell, in whose name Campbell Hill is now known. Campbell
> sold the hill and surrounding land to August Wagner, who was the original
> brewer of Augustiner and Gambrinus beers.
>
>
> - *Oklahoma Black Mesa*  *4,973 ft* It's a huge mesa that stretches
> across New Mexico and Colorado and appears dark from a distance.
>
>
> - *Oregon  Mount Hood*  *Wy-East* - *11,239 ft* - The first white
> men discovered the mountain on October 29, 1792, when British Navy Lt.
> William E. Broughton and his crew (representing King George III) saw it
> from the Columbia River near the mouth of the Willamette River. Broughton
> named the peak for famed British naval officer Admiral Samuel Hood (who
> never saw the mountain). First climbed on August 14, 1845 by 3 members of
> the Barlow party - Sam Barlow, Joel Palmer and Phillip Locke.
>
>
>
> - *Pennsylvania  Mount Davis Negro Mountain*  *3,213 ft *- The
> high point was named for John Nelson Davis, an early settler, *American
> Civil War* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War> veteran,
> surveyor, and naturalist known for his studies of the mountain's
> *flora* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora> and *fauna*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fauna>. During the Civil War, Davis
> served in the 102nd Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry, Company E. Details
> behind the naming of Negro Mountain are not precisely known and a number of
> local stories have circulated in the past. The various stories seem to
> share, however, a couple of elements. One is that of a band of white
> soldiers or hunters skirmishing with Indians on the mountain during
> colonial times. The other is the presence with the whites of an
> *African-American* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American>
> companion  variously named "Nemisis" or "Goliath" indicating his great
> strength or size  who accompanied the whites and died valiantly during the
> fight. The most popular version of the story] takes place during the *French
> and Indian War* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_and_Indian_War>,
> in the year 1756, when frontiersman Colonel *Thomas Cresap*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cresap> is known to have led a
> force against Native Americans on the mountain. A member of his force, a
> black slave or a scout named "Nemisis," was killed in the battle. The
> mountain was accordingly named "Negro Mountain" in his honor.
>
>
> Comment: Another state highpoint name steeped in controversy. AK, WA & PA.
>
>
> - *Rhode Island - Jerimoth Hill  812 ft - * is named for Jerimoth
> Brown, a fellow who owned the hill and much of the surrounding land in the
> late 1800s. According to Foster historian Viola Ulm, most people pronounce
> the name incorrectly. "It's Jer-eye-moth," she told a Providence
> Journal reporter in 2002.
>
> - *South Carolina * *Sassafras Mountain* * 3,554 ft* - No
> information available. Probably sassafras was found abundantly in the area.
>
> - *South Dakota - Harney Peak  7,242 ft - "Hinhan KagaPaha"* making
> of owls, the mountain of the sacred owl or the sacred scary owl of the
> mountain  called by the Lakota people. It is the sacred site where
> Black Elk received his Great Vision and thus, the Black Elk Wilderness,
> which borders the peak, is named after this revered religious leader of the
> Oglala Lakota.
>
> Harney Peak was named for General William S. Harney, a military
> officer who served in the U.S. Army from 1818 to 1863. Harney fought
> pirates in the Caribbean, served in the *Seminole*
> <http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/battleswars1800s/p/Second-Seminole-War-1835-1842.htm>
> and Black Hawk Wars, and commanded the 2nd Dragoons in the *Mexican-American
> War*
> <http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/Mexican-AmericanWar/a/The-Mexican-American-War.htm>
> in the late 1840s. General Harney entered the history of the Black Hills
> in 1855 when he led troops against the Sioux at the Battle of Ash Hollow,
> one of the first battles of a 20-year war waged against the Plains Indians.
> After the battle the Sioux nicknamed him "Woman Killer" because women and
> children were killed. It's ironic that his name is now attached to one of
> the sacred mountains of the Sioux.
>
>
> Although many Native Americans, including *Black Elk*
> <http://www.netplaces.com/philosophy-book/the-forgotten-philosophers/the-medicine-wheel.htm>,
> climbed Harney Peak, its first recorded ascent was by Dr. Valentine
> McGillycuddy on July 24, 1875. McGillycuddy (1849-1939) was a surveyor with
> the Newton-Jenney Party, which was looking for gold in the Black Hills, and
> later was an Army surgeon, who tended *Crazy Horse*
> <http://archaeology.about.com/cs/military/bb/littlebighorn.htm> at his
> death. He was later mayor of Rapid City and the first Surgeon General of
> South Dakota. After his death at age 90 in California, McGillycuddy's ashes
> were interred atop his below Harney Peak. A plaque reading "Valentine
> McGillycuddy, Wasitu Wacan" marks the spot. *Wasitu Wacan* means "Holy
> White Man" in Lakota.
>
> - *Tennessee  Clingmans Dome - Kuwahi*  *6,643 ft* -The Cherokee
> know the mountain as Kuwahi or Mulberry Place and consider it a sacred
> place. According to legend, medicine people would come to the mountain to
> fast and pray, seeking guidance from the Creator, then they would return to
> the people of Kituhwa with the guidance and instructions. Clingmans
> Dome name after Thomas Lanier Clingman (July 27, 1812  November 3,
> 1897), known as the "Prince of Politicians," was a *Democratic*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Democratic_Party> member
> of the *United States House of Representatives*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives>
> from 1843 to 1845 and from 1847 to 1858, and *U.S. senator*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate> from the state of *North
> Carolina* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina> between 1858
> and 1861. During the *Civil War*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War> he refused to
> resign his Senate seat and was one of ten senators *expelled*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expulsion_from_the_United_States_Congress>
> from the Senate in absentia. He then served as a general in the *Confederate
> States Army* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_States_Army>.
> -
> - *Texas  Guadelupe Peak* *- 8,749 ft* - Guadalupe is a Spanish place
> name, the site of a famous convent, which means "river of the wolf" in
> Arabic. In the 16th century Our Lady of Guadalupe supposedly appeared
> in a vision to a native Mexican man, and she is now regarded as a patron
> saint of the Americas.
> -
> - *Utah  Kings Peak*  *13,528 ft* - The peak was named for *Clarence
> King* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_King>, a *surveyor*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveying> in the area and the first
> director of the *United States Geological Survey*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey>. Kings
> Peak is generally regarded as the hardest state highpoint which can be
> climbed without specialist rock climbing skills and/or guiding.
>
>
>
> - *Vermont Mount Mansfield  Mozodepowadso*- *4,393 ft* - Abenaki
> word means mountain with a head like a moose.
> <http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973>*http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973
> <http://www.sevendaysvt.com/vermont/whats-in-a-name-sleuthing-a-mountain-called-mansfield/Content?oid=2243973>* The
> name Mansfield was suggested in 1777 by *Dr. Thomas Young*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Young_%28American_revolutionary%29>,
> an American revolutionary and *Boston Tea Party*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party> participant. French
> explorer, Samuel Champlain discovered Mt Mansfield in 1607.
> <https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false>*https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false
> <https://books.google.com/books?id=9Jc6AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA201&lpg=PA201&dq=samuel+champlain++mt+mansfield&source=bl&ots=4S5wvplcAq&sig=cg3IUhfVDEjsAwjHwmBgsH36dMc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMIs47B_4_3xwIVyHs-Ch1uggnJ#v=onepage&q=samuel%20champlain%20%20mt%20mansfield&f=false>*
>
> - *Virginia  Mount Rogers*  *5,729 ft* -The mountain is named for *William
> Barton Rogers*, a Virginian educated at the College of William & Mary,
> who taught at William & Mary and the University of Virginia, became
> Virginia's first *State Geologist*, and went on to found the
> Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
>
>
>
>
> *Washington  Mount Rainier T-Swaq* *14,411 ft* - the sky wiper, it
> touches the sky - or Tahoma is "that frozen *water*
> <http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/1/water>". From the Puyallup *Tribe*
> <http://www.thinkbabynames.com/names/1/tribe>.
>
> Mount Rainier was once known by its many native names. Now, an alliance of
> tribal members is moving forward with a proposal to restore an original
> name to this Northwest landmark. But a long bureaucratic process lies
> ahead. British explorers named Mount Rainier for a Navy captain who fought
> to put down the American Revolution. During the *American Revolutionary
> War* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War>, Rainier
> was severely wounded on 8 July 1778, while capturing a large American
> *privateer* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privateer>. He was promoted in
> rank and went on to become Captain of the 32-gun frigate *HMS Astraea*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Astraea_%281781%29>. He commanded her
> on the Jamaica Station from 1786 to 1790.
> In 1790, he became the commander of *HMS Monarch*
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Monarch_%281765%29>. On 8 May 1792, *George
> Vancouver* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Vancouver> named *Mount
> Rainier* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Rainier> in modern-day
> *Washington* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_%28U.S._state%29>
> after Captain Rainier:
> *"The weather was serene and pleasant, and the country continued to
> exhibit between us and the eastern snowy range the same luxuriant
> appearance. At is northern extremity, Mount Baker bore by compass N. 22E.;
> the round snowy mountain, now forming its southern extremity, and which,
> after my friend, Rear Admiral Rainier, I distinguish by the name of Mount
> Rainier, bore * <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior>*https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior
> <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Rainier,_junior>*
>
>
> Puyallup tribal member Robert Satiacum says what he's proposing is not a
> name change so much as a restoration. "When they showed up here it got
> changed. They changed it. That's part of the process I think when you
> conquer," Satiacum says.
> The question then becomes which original name to use.
> "Tahoma, Tacobeh, Pooskaus, Tacoma ... There are all these different
> names," he says.
> Tahoma  the mountain that was God
> Satiacum says members of his group pondered and prayed before choosing
> Ti'Swaq&#39;.
> "And what that means is the sky, the sky wiper. It touches the sky,"
> Satiacum says.
> Satiacum's Alliance to Restore Native Names is first seeking the support
> of the National Park Service. A Mount Rainier spokesman says the agency
> doesn't currently have a position and may not take one.
> Then it's on to the Washington and U.S. Boards of Geographic Names, a
> process that could take years. Those panels typically demand evidence of
> broad local support for any name change.
> Native names for other Northwest peaks:
>
> - Mt. Adams = Pah Do
> - Mt. Baker = Kulshan
> - Mt. Hood = Wy'East
> - Mt. St. Helens = Suek
>
>
>
> - *West Virginia  Spruce Knob*  *4,861 ft* - No information
> available. Probably named for the spruce trees found near its summit.
>
>
>
> - *Wisconsin  Timms Hill * *1,951 ft* - Town closest to Timms Hull
> is called *Ogema**,* derived from the Anishinaabemowin word ogimaa
> meaning "chief. Origin of state's *name*: Based on an *Indian word*
> "Ouisconsin&quot; believed to mean "grassy place. Timms Hill was likely to be
> the name of a local landowner.
> -
> - *Wyoming- Gannett Peak*  *13,804 ft* - Named for Henry Gannett geographer,
> mapmaker and astronomer. On June 7, 1922, the U. S. Geographic Board
> officially confirmed that the mountain, the highest point in Wyoming, would
> henceforth be named for the father of American map-makingHenry Gannett. *Gannett
> Peak** is the highest peak in the Wind River Range and the ... The **first
> ascent** was made in 1922 by **Arthur Tate and Floyd Stahlnaker**.*
>
>
>

-- 
Scott Surgent
Principal Lecturer & Associate Director, First Year Mathematics
Arizona State University, Tempe
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